The Journal of Speculative Philosophy, Vol. I, Nos. 1-4, 1867Various
Philosophy
The Journal of Speculative Philosophy, Vol. I, Nos. 1-4, 1867
Various
Philosophy -- Periodicals
Having undertaken to translate into our language the Æsthetics of Hegel,
we hope to render a new service to our readers, by presenting, in an
analysis at once cursory and detailed the outline of the ideas which
form the basis of that vast work. The thought of the author will appear
shorn of its rich developments; but it will be more easy to seize the
general spirit, the connection of the various parts of the work, and to
appreciate their value. In order not to mar the clearness of our work,
we shall abstain from mingling criticism with exposition; but reserve
for the conclusion a general judgment upon this book, which represents
even to-day the state of the philosophy of art in Germany.
The work is divided into three parts; the first treats _of the beautiful
in art in general_; _the second, of the general forms of art in its
historic development_; _the third contains the system of the arts—the
theory of architecture, sculpture, painting, music, and poetry_.
PART I.
OF THE BEAUTIFUL IN ART.
In an extended introduction, Hegel lays the foundations of the science
of the Beautiful: he defines its object, demonstrates its legitimacy,
and indicates its method; he then undertakes to determine the nature and
the end of art. Upon each of these points let us endeavor to state, in a
brief manner, his thought, and, if it is necessary, explain it.
Æsthetics _is the science of the Beautiful_. The Beautiful manifests
itself in nature and in art; but the variety and multiplicity of forms
under which beauty presents itself in the real world, does not permit
their description and systematic classification. The science of the
Beautiful has then as its principal object, art and its works; it is the
_philosophy of the fine arts_.
Is art a proper object of science? No, undoubtedly, if we consider it
only as an amusement or a frivolous relaxation. But it has a nobler
purpose. It will even be a misconception of its true aim to regard it
simply as an auxiliary of morals and religion. Although it often serves
as interpreter of moral and religious ideas, it preserves its
independence. Its proper object is to reveal truth under sensuous forms.
Nor is it allowable to say that it produces its effects by illusion.
Appearance, here, is truer than reality. The images which it places
under our eyes are more ideal, more transparent, and also more durable
than the mobile and fugitive existences of the real world. The world of
art is truer than that of nature and of history.
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