The Spencer name is found in Ireland for many generations, and appears under both spellings. Bearers of the name were among the “Forfeiting Proprietors” and other Irish who, during the Cromwellian regime, were ordered to migrate “To Hell or to Connaught.” Many descendants of English settlers in Ireland became thoroughly Irish, some dropped their English surnames and assumed Irish ones, wedded Irish wives, were rated as “Papists,” and dressed “after ye Irishe fashion.” Footnote 18: The author is indebted for the facts in this sketch mainly to Peterson’s _History of Rhode Island_. Footnote 19: Including the _Records of the General Assembly_ and Arnold’s _Vital Record of Rhode Island_. Other works consulted include Bodge’s _Soldiers in King Philip’s War_. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES 1. Silently corrected typographical errors and variations in spelling. 2. Archaic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings retained as printed. 3. Footnotes have been re-indexed using numbers and collected together at the end of the last chapter. 4. Enclosed italics font in _underscores_. 5. Enclosed bold font in =equals=. 6. Superscripts are denoted by a caret before a single superscript character or a series of superscripted characters enclosed in curly braces, e.g. M^r. or M^{ister}. End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society (Vol. IV), by Various