To the prefix “Mac” the enumerators, in many cases, gave the sound of “Mag.” Thus we have such name transformations as “Magnamee” and “Magmanous.” We also find “Makmain” for McMahon and “Muckleroy” for McElroy, and so on. Fitzgeralds are down as “Fitzjarrel” and “Jarrel”; Fitzpatrick as “Fitchparterack” and “Pitch Patrick”; Reilly as “Royley” and “Royalley”; Cassidy as “Casaty.” In some Southern city directories we have come across the name of “Pitch,” and we wonder if some of these are not descendants of the “Pitch Patricks” or Fitzpatricks! It would be difficult to think of an old Irish name that is not represented in the First Census, and which was not, at some time or other, translated into something very different in appearance, and sometimes only partially retaining the sound of the original name. In the mutations of time, even these new names became still further changed, so that many of the present-day descendants of the Irish pioneers of the Carolinas cannot be recognized as at all of the old Gaelic race. The most numerous Irish name on the First Census of South Carolina is Murphy, there having been 50 distinct families of that name, although the 48 Kelly families gave them a close race. The Gill and McGill families run nip and tuck with the O’Neills and the Nealls. There were 34 of the former to 33 of the latter. The O’Briens and O’Bryans ran the gauntlet of many changes. The Census enumerators failed to appreciate the significance of the regal prefix “O,” so they wrote down the name Obrient, Obriant, Bryan and Briant. There were 53 of these in South Carolina in 1790. [Illustration: HON. ALEXANDER C. EUSTACE. Elmira, N. Y. Ex-President New York Civil Service Commission. A worthy Member from New York State. ] The Celtic “Macs” make a great showing. There are upwards of one thousand of such families in all, the “Macs” that are indigenous to Ireland being more numerous than those that are supposed to be exclusively native to Scotland. When we consider that, in 1790, the total number of free white males of 16 years and upwards in South Carolina was only 35,756, we can readily understand that one thousand heads of families, with their wives and children, must have constituted a large percentage of the total population. An examination of the Census Returns indicates that the average number of children to each of the Irish-named families was five, so that, on a conservative estimate, the “Macs” alone must have contributed nearly 20 per cent to the population of South Carolina!