It would be simple enough, in connection with our public school
system, to establish boards of examination to pass upon prospective
candidates. A majority of these boards should have had experience as
school-teachers. They should have in hand the matter of providing
facilities for educational preparation on the part of the student,
young or old, who might wish to continue his school work in order to
qualify for the use of the ballot.
The nature of the educational requirement, in my opinion, would have to
do with two sorts of preparation other than the ability to read, write
and speak the English language. First, we should demand an intelligence
test such as is now required of every applicant for enlistment in the
United States Army or Navy. These tests have been reduced to a high
degree of scientific accuracy. The specific requirements would be
somewhat different, of course, than those demanded for the admission to
the Army or Navy, insofar as they would have a different object. But
the principles should be the same. The purpose of such a test would
be to reject all imbeciles, morons, and the mentally unbalanced. We
now know that these groups number from ten to fifteen per cent of our
population. Placing the ballot in their hands amounts to the same thing
as intrusting it to children from six years to fifteen years of age.
The second feature of our test should have to do with a different
sort of qualification. The purpose of the intelligence test should
be to reject those who are so lacking in natural intelligence as to
be unfitted for the simpler responsibilities of life. Our second
requirement would have to do with positive preparation. Any applicant
should have a full measure of sound knowledge with regard to the
history and government of the United States and current political and
social problems. Unhappily not only many immigrants, Negroes, and
illiterate native whites are at present unfitted to vote intelligently.
I fear that an enormous percentage of quite intelligent, and in some
respects well educated, persons are not in a position to pass the
simplest examination upon the elements of our history and government.
Let me not be misunderstood here. I do not propose to limit the
suffrage to those who are qualified to become judges on the bench
or professors of history and political science. I would favor no
standard so high that an intelligent young person could not fully
prepare himself in a year, by careful study for a few evenings a week.
The last two years of any efficiently graded school should furnish
courses sufficient to prepare the student in these things. Indeed,
any child completing his grade course where such studies were offered
and required would naturally be considered as having measured up to
this part of the suffrage requirement. His diploma on leaving school,
properly attested, signed and publicly registered, should give him,
upon arriving at the age of twenty-one, the right to vote. For children
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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