Among the flint objects are knives, scrapers, saws, arrow-points, chisels (like those in =Fig. 68=, Nos. 8, 14, and 15), cores, and a large quantity of flakes (Nos. 1 to 3). For small cutting implements flint was not the only substance used by these lake-dwellers, as there are 36 fine flakes of obsidian (No. 4), and some arrow-heads of rock crystal. _Bronze._--The bronze objects in the museum, including fragments, amount only to 15, and represent knives, fish-hooks, etc. (Nos. 5, 6, and 12). _Amber._--There is also a bit of amber which appears to have been an ornament. Small square or oblong pieces of wood perforated (No. 20) are supposed to have been floats for nets. The organic remains collected in the fourth stratum, which was considered to be the true relic-bed of the palafitte, were submitted to Professor Sordelli, who recognised, among other seeds and fruits, the following:--Millet (_Panicum miliaceum_), wheat (_Trit. vulgare_), bramble (_R. fruticosus_), and the vine (_Vitis vinifera_). Among the bones of animals identified were those of the bear, wolf, badger, beaver, wild boar, stag, roe, etc. The ordinary domestic animals were also represented, and in addition to them I have to mention portions of two human jaws which were found a few inches below the tops of the piles. (B. 324, 326, 341, 343a, 359, and 437.) Professor Castelfranco (B. 456), who has carefully studied the phenomena presented by these repeated excavations, formulates the following theory as to the succession of events which have brought about the evolution, so to speak, of the Isola Virginia:-- (1) The original palafitte had been destroyed by a conflagration towards the close of the Bronze Age or the beginning of the Iron Age. (2) Its inhabitants were hunters, fishers, rearers of domestic animals, and agriculturists. (3) Shortly after the destruction of the pile-village, its subsequent occupiers converted the larger portion of its site--which had already, in parts at least, reached the surface by the gradual accumulation of _débris_--into a veritable island, by heaping over it stuff dug from the margin and especially from the landward side, where there is now a channel separating the island from the mainland. Thus the upper layers contain the _débris_ of the earlier people, mixed with sand, gravel, and mud. This view is rendered probable by the fact that in one place, towards the north of the island, the second layer was displaced by an artificially constructed bed of large pebbles. (4) The newcomers, to whom Castelfranco assigns the transformation of the palafitte into an island, were the Ligurians, whose "sépultures à cineration" are so numerously found in the neighbourhood.