[60] Mr. Mackinlay, describing a crannog in Loch Quien in Bute, states that two rows of piles extended obliquely from it to the shore of the lake, between which the ground was covered with flat stones, “_not raised like a causeway_.” [61] _Dublin Quarterly Journal of Science_, vol. vi. p. 69. [62] _Mem. Geol. Sur. Ireland._ [63] _Journal Royal Hist. and Arch. Asso. of Ireland_, vol. ii. (4th Series), p. 435. [64] _Geology of Ireland_, G. H. Kinahan, p. 276. [65] _Proceedings R. I. A._ vol. vii. p. 154. [66] _Cat. Mus. R. I. A._ p. 251. [67] A writer states that around the Crannog of Lough Ravel were found “a whole fleet of boats,” each cut out of a single trunk of oak; one was made fast to a stake of the crannog by a rude chain. [68] _Journal of a Cruise on the Tanganyika Lake, Central Africa._ [69] _Arch. Journal_, vol. iii. p. 46. [70] _Ulster Journal of Archæology_, vol. vii. p. 194. [71] _Proceedings R. I. A._, vol. ii. p. 247; vol. viii. p. 293. [72] It may be observed that a canoe found at Cudrelin, on the Lake of Neufchatel, had a similar kind of handle.--_Lake Dwellings of Switzerland_, Keller, 2nd ed., p. 282. [73] _Journal Royal Hist. and Arch. Asso. of Ireland_, vol. ii. (4th Series), pp. 16-18.--W. F. Wakeman. [74] The following list of single-tree canoes, though necessarily incomplete, yet enables an approximate estimate to be made of the number already discovered:--Ardagh, 1; Ardakillen, 1; Ballinderry, 2; Boyne, 1; Cahore, 1; Cloonfinlough, 1; Cornagall, 1; Derryhollagh (_several_), 1; Drumaleague, 1; Drumdarragh, 1; Drumgay, 1; Drumkeery, 1; Erne, 2; Lough Eyes, 3; Kilnock, 1; Lough Annagh, 5; Lough Faughan, 1; Lough Owel, 1; Loughrea, 4; Lough Rinn, 2; Loughtamand, 1; Miracles (_several_), 1; Moinalty, 1; Moinenoe, 1; Mourne, 2; Randalstown (_several_), 1; Sligo (_Ballydoogan_), 1; Toome, 3. [75] The above illustration represents No. 3 in the Museum, R. I. A. No. 4 in the same collection is two feet two inches long, by five inches across the blade. [76] _De. Bel. Civil._ 1-54. [77] The coracles used still in Caermarthenshire are of oval form, five feet and a-half long, by four feet and a-half broad; the hides forming the skin of the skiff are pitched. [78] _Journal Royal Hist. and Arch. Asso. of Ireland_, vol. ii. (4th Series), pp. 74-5. [79] _Ulster Journal of Archæology_, vol. i. p. 32. [80] _Cat. Mus. R. I. A._ pp. 276-7. [81] Æs erat in pretio, chalybeia massa latebat. [82] Utuntur aut aere, aut taleis ferreis, ad certum pondus examinatis, pro nummo. Nascitur ibi plumbum album in mediterraneis regionibus, in maritimis ferrum; sed eius exigua est copia; aere utuntur importato.--Cæsar, _De Bel. Gal._ Lib 5. cap. xii. [83] _Journal Royal Hist. and Arch. Asso. of Ireland_, vol. i. (4th Series), pp. 461-465.--W. F. Wakeman. [84] _Journal Royal Hist. and Arch. Asso. of Ireland_, vol. v. (4th Series), p. 119, vol. vi. p. 392.