The land of gold; or, Three years in CaliforniaColton, Walter
History
The land of gold; or, Three years in California
Colton, Walter
California -- Gold discoveries; California -- History -- 1846-1850
MISSION OF SAN JOSÉ.
This mission was founded in 1797, fifteen miles from the town which
bears its name, and at the terminus of a valley unrivalled in fertility.
It supplied the Russian Company with grain, who sent yearly several
large ships for stores for their northern settlements. It is stated, in
the archives of this mission, that the mayordomo gathered 8,600 bushels
of wheat from 80 bushels sown; and the following year, from the grain
which fell at the time of the first harvest, 5200 bushels! The priest
told me that Julius Cæsar deposited in the temple of Ceres 362 kernels
of wheat, as the largest yield of any one kernel in the Roman empire;
and that he had gathered and counted, from one kernel sown at this
mission, 365—beating Rom in three kernels! This mission had, in 1825,
3000 Indians, 62,000 head of cattle, 840 tame horses, 1500 mares, 420
mules, 310 yoke of oxen, and 62,000 sheep It has still a vineyard, in
which large quantities of luscious grapes and pears are raised. It was
secularized in 1834; and the old church bell, as if indignant at the
change, has plunged from its chiming tower.
MISSION OF SAN JUAN BOUTISTA.
This mission looms over a rich valley, ten leagues from Monterey—founded
1794. Its lands swept the broad interval and adjacent hills. In 1820 it
owned 43,870 head of cattle, 1360 tame horses, 4870 mares, colts, and
fillies. It had seven sheep-farms, containing 69,530 sheep; while the
Indians attached to the mission drove 321 yoke of working-oxen. Its
storehouse contained $75,000 in goods and $20,000 in specie. This
mission was secularized in 1834; its cattle slaughtered for their hides
and tallow, its sheep left to the wolves, its horses taken by the
dandies, its Indians left to hunt acorns, while the wind sighs over the
grave of its last padre.
MISSION OF SAN CARLOS.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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