The Last American FrontierPaxson, Frederic L. (Frederic Logan)
History
The Last American Frontier
Paxson, Frederic L. (Frederic Logan)
Frontier and pioneer life -- West (U.S.); West (U.S.) -- History
The plan of campaign provided that the main column, Custer in immediate
command, should march from Fort Hays directly against the Indians, by
way of Camp Supply; two smaller columns were to supplement this, one
marching in on Indian Territory from New Mexico, and the other from
Fort Lyon on the old Sand Creek reserve. Detachments of the chief
column began to move in the middle of November, Custer reaching the
depot at Camp Supply ahead of the rest, while the Kansas volunteers
lost themselves in heavy snow-storms. On November 23 Custer was ordered
out of Camp Supply, on the north fork of the Canadian, to follow a
fresh trail which led southwest towards the Washita River, near the
eastern line of Texas. He pushed on as rapidly as twelve inches of snow
would allow, discovering in the early morning of November 27 a large
camp in the valley of the Washita.
It was Black Kettle's camp of Cheyenne and Arapaho that they had found
in a strip of heavy timber along the river. After reconnoitring Custer
divided his force into four columns for simultaneous attacks upon the
sleeping village. At daybreak "my men charged the village and reached
the lodges before the Indians were aware of our presence. The moment
the charge was ordered the band struck up 'Garry Owen,' and with cheers
that strongly reminded me of scenes during the war, every trooper,
led by his officer, rushed towards the village." For several hours a
promiscuous fight raged up and down the ravine, with Indians everywhere
taking to cover, only to be prodded out again. Fifty-one lodges in
all fell into Custer's hands; 103 dead Indians, including Black
Kettle himself, were found later. "We captured in good condition 875
horses, ponies, and mules; 241 saddles, some of very fine and costly
workmanship; 573 buffalo robes, 390 buffalo skins for lodges, 160
untanned robes, 210 axes, 140 hatchets, 35 revolvers, 47 rifles, 535
pounds of powder, 1050 pounds of lead, 4000 arrows and arrowheads, 75
spears, 90 bullet moulds, 35 bows and quivers, 12 shields, 300 pounds
of bullets, 775 lariats, 940 buckskin saddle-bags, 470 blankets, 93
coats, 700 pounds of tobacco."
As the day advanced, Custer's triumph seemed likely to turn into
defeat. The Cheyenne village proved to be only the last of a long
string of villages that extended down the Washita for fifteen miles
or more, and whose braves rode up by hundreds to see the fight. A
general engagement was avoided, however, and with better luck and more
discretion than he was one day to have, Custer marched back to Camp
Supply on December 3, his band playing gayly the tune of battle, "Garry
Owen." The commander in his triumphal procession was followed by his
scouts and trailers, and the captives of his prowess--a long train of
Indian widows and orphans.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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