The Last American FrontierPaxson, Frederic L. (Frederic Logan)
History
The Last American Frontier
Paxson, Frederic L. (Frederic Logan)
Frontier and pioneer life -- West (U.S.); West (U.S.) -- History
In the meantime General W. B. Hazen had arrived at Fort Cobb on
November 7 and had immediately voiced his fear that "General Sheridan,
acting under the impression of hostiles, may attack bands of Comanche
and Kiowa before they reach this point." He found, however, most of
these tribes, who had not gone to war this season, encamped within
reach on the Canadian and Washita rivers,--5000 of the Comanche and
1500 of the Kiowa. Within a few days Cheyenne and Arapaho began to join
the settlements in the district, Black Kettle bringing in his band to
the Washita, forty miles east of Antelope Hills, and coming in person
to Fort Cobb for an interview with General Hazen on November 20.
"I have always done my best," he protested, "to keep my young men
quiet, but some will not listen, and since the fighting began I have
not been able to keep them all at home. But we all want peace." To
which added Big Mouth, of the Arapaho: "I came to you because I wish
to do right.... I do not want war, and my people do not, but although
we have come back south of the Arkansas, the soldiers follow us and
continue fighting, and we want you to send out and stop these soldiers
from coming against us."
To these, General Hazen, fearful as he was of an unjust attack,
responded with caution. Sherman had spoken of Fort Cobb in his orders
to Sheridan, as "aimed to hold out the olive branch with one hand
and the sword in the other. But it is not thereby intended that any
hostile Indians shall make use of that establishment as a refuge from
just punishment for acts already done. Your military control over
that reservation is as perfect as over Kansas, and if hostile Indians
retreat within that reservation, ... they may be followed even to
Fort Cobb, captured, and punished." It is difficult to see what could
constitute the fact of peaceful intent if coming in to Fort Cobb did
not. But Hazen gave to Black Kettle cold comfort: "I am sent here as
a peace chief; all here is to be peace; but north of the Arkansas is
General Sheridan, the great war chief, and I do not control him; and he
has all the soldiers who are fighting the Arapahoes and Cheyennes....
If the soldiers come to fight, you must remember they are not from me,
but from that great war chief, and with him you must make peace....
I cannot stop the war.... You must not come in again unless I send
for you, and you must keep well out beyond the friendly Kiowas and
Comanches." So he sent the suitors away and wrote, on November 22,
to Sherman for more specific instructions covering these cases. He
believed that Black Kettle and Big Mouth were themselves sincere, but
doubted their control over their bands. These were the bands which
Custer destroyed before the week was out, and it is probable that
during the fight they were reënforced by braves from the friendly
lodges of Satanta's Kiowa and Little Raven's Arapaho.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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