The Last Secrets: The Final Mysteries of ExplorationBuchan, John
History
The Last Secrets: The Final Mysteries of Exploration
Buchan, John
Discoveries in geography; Explorers
Two or three years later James Weddell, whose real business was
sealing, reached a latitude of 74° 15' S., more than three degrees to
the south of Cook's farthest point; and for nearly twenty years
Weddell's record remained intact.
During the first half of the nineteenth century the Southern seas
became the scene of extensive sealing industries, and however much we
may regret the wholesale slaughter that took place, we have to
confess that some of these sealers made important geographical
discoveries. Both Captain John Biscoe and Captain John Balleny were
engaged in the Antarctic sealing trade, but they were fortunate
enough to be employed by the firm of Enderby. Charles Enderby
instructed his captains not to neglect geographical discovery, and
his instructions were faithfully carried out. To the enterprise of
Enderby, and to the courage and perseverance of his captains, we owe
the discovery of Graham Land, Enderby Land, Kempe Island, and Sabrina
Land.
A French expedition under Captain D'Urville, and an American one
under Captain Wilkes, followed in 1840. D'Urville, who encountered
so many icebergs that he felt as if he was "in the narrow streets of
a city of giants," sighted land in latitude 66° S., longitude 140°
E., and named this coast Adélie Land. Wilkes also claimed to have
discovered land; but of his claims one of our greatest explorers has
written: "Had he been more circumspect in his reports of land, all
would have agreed that his voyage was a fine performance."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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