IMPROPER TREATMENT— When a defence to action, 20–24, 167. Charges for, 20, 22, 167. INFANT— Medicines and medical aid, necessary for, 39. INFECTIOUS DISORDERS— Exposing persons suffering from, 147. Duty of physicians in cases of, 22, 143, 147. INSANE PATIENT— Not liable for negligence, 69. INSANITY CASES— Evidence of experts, 121–128. Opinions concerning, experts in, 121–124. When expert evidence admissible, 124. How to examine witnesses, 124–125. Putting hypothetical cases, 126, 127. Evidence of non-experts, 128. Experts can only give opinions, 129. Liability for committing in, 145–146. Requisites for committal, 146. INTOXICATING LIQUORS— When unlawful to give, 148. Druggists selling, 187–188. IRELAND— Early practitioners in, 6. L. LABEL OF DRUGGIST— Is a warranty, 179–180. LECTURES— Cannot be published by students attending them, 195. LIBEL—_See_ DEFAMATION. M. MALPRACTICE—_See_ CRIMINAL MALPRACTICE. Defined, 55. Consequences of, 55. Civil and criminal, 55, 56, 83. Some injury must be proved, 76. Is a question for the jury, 76. Cases of, should be construed in favor of physician, 76, 77. Cases against physician rare, 77. Actionable to charge one with, 133. MANIPULATION— Practising, without license, 51. MANSLAUGHTER—_See_ CRIMINAL MALPRACTICE. Physicians acting honestly and _bonâ fide_, 89, 90. Druggist making mistake, 180–184. MASTER AND SERVANT—_See_ ASSISTANTS AND APPRENTICES. Payment of medical attendance, 40. MEDICAL ACT OF ENGLAND— Recovery of fees under, 17. MEDICAL ACT OF ONTARIO— Recovery of fees under, 17. MEDICAL MAN— Chaucer’s definition of, 7. Had to be graduates in old times, 7. Divisions under Henry VIII, 8. Qualifications necessary to practise, 9, 48. Qualifications under Henry VIII, 10. No branches in America or Colonies, 17. Discretion as to mode of treatment, 25. As witnesses, 26. Who must pay, 32–41. Who may practise, 42. The law favors no school, 42, 47. Must practise according to school, 52, 53, 54. One practising liable as, 54. Duties when assuming charge, 57, 72, 73. Must exercise ordinary care and diligence, 58. Must keep up with the age, 61, 71. Not liable for bad nursing, 70. Rashly trying new experiments, 71. Accepting retainer must attend, 72, 73. Withdrawing from attendance, 73, 74. Liability when not employed by patient, 74. Action against, for defamation, 135–137. Administering intoxicants, 148. Relations with patients, 138–146. Care necessary in choosing, 148. MEDICINE— When first studied in England, 6. First statute concerning, 8. Evidence of experts as to, 118. MEMORANDA— When may be used in court, 98. MIDWIFE— Defamatory words when actionable, 130. MISREPRESENTATIONS— To obtain money, 142, 143. MISTLETOE—1. MORALS— Expert opinions on, 115. N.