[9] _Ibid._, ii. 603. [10] _History of Rome_, Niebuhr, Hare’s trans., i. 574. [11] Preface to _Virginia_. [12] _History of Rome_, Mommsen, Dickson’s trans., i. 484. [13] See _History of Rome_, Mommsen, Dickson’s trans., i. 298–9. [14] See _History of Rome_, Niebuhr, Hare’s trans., iii. 22, 30. [15] Preface to _Virginia_, Macaulay. [16] _Histoire de l’Esclavage_, Wallon, ii. 38. [17] Suet. _Aug._, ii. 41. [18] Tacitus, _Ann._, ii. 48. [19] _Ann._, vi. 39. [20] _Ibid._, iv. 21. [21] _Sat._, iii. 164. [22] _L’Invasion Germanique_, Fustel de Coulanges, 146–157. [23] Diod. xxxiv. 38. On the subject of the Sicilian slavery, see _Histoire de l’Esclavage_, Wallon, ii. 300 _et seq._ [24] _Polybius_, ii. 15, Shuckburgh’s trans. [25] _Provinces of the Roman Empire_, Mommsen, ii. 233. [26] _Ibid._, ii. 239. [27] _Deipnosophists_, v. 37. [28] Martial, _Ep._, xii. 76. [29] Vopiscus, _Aurelianus_, 35. [30] _L’Invasion Germanique_, Fustel de Coulanges, 190. [31] _Le Colonat Romain: Recherches sur quelques Problèmes d’Histoire_, Fustel de Coulanges, 143. [32] _Organisation Financière chez les Romains_, Marquardt, 65 _et seq._ [33] Tacitus, _Ann._, Murphy’s trans., iii. 53. [34] _Nat. Hist._, xii. 18. [35] Vopiscus, _Saturninus_, 8. [36] _Provinces of the Roman Empire_, Mommsen, ii. 140. [37] _Ann._, vi. 16, 17. [38] See _Geschichte des Römischen Münzwesens_, Mommsen, 756. [39] _Monnaies Byzantines_, Sabatier, i. 51, 52. [40] _Monnaies Byzantines_, Sabatier, i. 50. [41] _Geschichte des Römischen Münzwesens_, Mommsen, 837. [42] _Monnaies Byzantines_, Sabatier, i. 51, 52. [43] Pliny’s _Letters_, iii. 19. [44] _Ibid._, ix. 37. [45] _Digest_, xix. 2, 15, and xxxiii. 7, 20. [46] _Letters_, x. 24. On this whole subject see _Le Colonat Romain: Recherches sur quelques Problèmes d’Histoire_, Fustel de Coulanges, ch. i. [47] _Code of Justinian_, xi. 51, 1. [48] _Le Colonat Romain_, Fustel de Coulanges, 21. [49] _Organisation Financière chez les Romains_, Marquardt, 240; _Les Manieurs d’Argent à Rome_, Deloume, 377. [50] See _Decline and Fall_, ch. xvii. [51] In _C. Verrem_, IV. lxxxix. [52] _Cicero’s Letters_, Ad Att. vi. 2; also Ad Att. v. 21, and vi. 1. [53] Diod. xxxvi. 3. See also _Histoire de l’Esclavage_, Wallon, ii. 42, 44. [54] _Satire_, viii. 89, 90. [55] _Letters_, viii. 24. [56] _Dio Cassius_, lxii. 2. [57] _Nat. Hist._, xiv., _Proœmium_. [58] _Decline and Fall_, ch. xvii. [59] _Morals, Trans. of_ 1718, 4, 11. [60] _Histoire de l’Esclavage_, iii. 268. [61] _Decline and Fall_, ch. xii. [62] _L’Invasion Germanique_, 200, 204, 223. [63] _Dio Cassius_, lvi. 7. [64] _Dio Cassius_, lvi. 5–8. [65] _Ann._, iii. 25.