The Library of Work and Play: Electricity and Its Everyday UsesWoodhull, John F. (John Francis)
Science
The Library of Work and Play: Electricity and Its Everyday Uses
Woodhull, John F. (John Francis)
Electricity -- Juvenile literature
Harold said: "Suppose I want to saw a piece of wood requiring a
horse-power, I must start an eight horse-power water-wheel which will
run a six-horse-power dynamo which will operate a two-horse-power motor
that will revolve the saw. There is a loss in each machine, and the
lighter the load the greater the loss. In order that the motor may
deliver one horse-power to the saw, it must receive from the dynamo,
say, one and one-half horse-power, and in order that the dynamo may
deliver to the motor one and one-half horse-power, it must receive
from the water-wheel, say, two horse-power. What is the matter with my
saving time and energy by sawing off the block with my own right arm?"
"But," said Ernest, "you forget that this water-wheel and the dynamo
must run all the time by the terms of our agreement with the cottage,
and they will run fairly well loaded, so that the starting of the
saw will not entail any such losses as you reckon. Furthermore the
water-power is running to waste, anyway. You simply divert its channel
when you start all this machinery. That's all. And lastly, if the saw
requires a horse-power, as you say, your right arm could not furnish
it."
"Oh," interposed Dyne, "it would take a horse-power to do it as quickly
as the machine does, but Harold simply proposes to take more time in
sawing the block and less in running the machinery. An infant can do
the work of a horse if you give him proportionally more time."
"I don't like the idea," drawled Erg, "that this machinery has got to
be kept running all the time. When will a fellow get a chance to sleep
or go a-fishing or have any vacation, with this central-station machine
shop on his hands all the time?"
I had inquired how the last two boys won their nicknames of _Dyne_ and
_Erg_ and had been informed that one was very keen about dining and
the other had a great aversion for work. They had doubtless seen these
terms somewhere in their reading of physics, but they appeared to have
forgotten their significance by a too familiar use of them. I told them
that these were sacred terms, the first being a name for the unit of
force, while the second designated the unit of work. Both boys said
that under those circumstances they would like to shed the names. The
names, however, stuck and the boys themselves might, I think, be said
to exercise a maximum of power with the least waste of energy.
This idea of running the plant continuously had evidently received no
attention hitherto and it bid fair to quench all the enthusiasm until I
came to the rescue by proposing a storage battery.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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