The Life and Letters of George John Romanes, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S.Romanes, George John
Science
The Life and Letters of George John Romanes, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S.
Romanes, George John
Naturalists -- Great Britain -- Biography; Romanes, George John, 1848-1894
I have sent these facts to you, Sir, because I think that they
bear out the psychological distinction which is drawn in your
leading article of the 17th inst. Briefly put, this distinction
amounts to that between sensuous estimation and intellectual
notation. Any child, a year after emerging from infancy, and not
yet knowing its numerals, could immediately see the difference
between five pigs and six pigs, and therefore, as your writer
indicates, it would be an extraordinary fact if a savage were
unable to do so. The case, of course, is different where any
process of calculation is concerned: _e.g._ 'each sheep must be
paid for separately; thus, suppose two sticks of tobacco to be
the rate of exchange for one sheep, it would sorely puzzle a
Damara to take two sheep and give him four sticks.' (F. Galton,
'Tropical South Africa,' p. 213.) But if the savage had to deal
with a larger number of pigs the insufficiency of his sensuous
estimation would increase with the increase of numbers, until a
point would be reached at which, if he were to keep count at all,
he would be obliged to resort to some system of notation, _i.e._
to mark off each separate unit with a separate _nota_, whether by
fingers, notches, or words. Similarly with the sense of hearing
and the so-called muscular sense. We can tell whether a clock
strikes 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 without naming each stroke, and whether
we have walked 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 paces without naming each pace,
but we cannot in this way be sure whether a clock has struck 11
or 12, or we ourselves have, walked as many yards.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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