[266] Pierre d’Espinac was born in 1540, and became Archbishop of Lyons in 1574. He was Speaker, or Prolocutor, of the States-General held at Blois in 1576. Catherine de Medici, when the Leaguers first took up arms, sent him to negotiate with them (see p. 246.) However, he went over to that party, and was thenceforth one of the strongest partisans of the League. According to his own account, he was forced to take this step by the insults he received from Epernon, the King’s favourite; his enemies, on the other hand, asserted that his motive was the hope of gaining a Cardinal’s hat. After the assassination of Guise, at Blois, in December 1588, the Archbishop was one of those arrested, and he shared the prison of the Cardinal, the brother of the murdered duke. Each expected to meet the same fate, and each confessed to the other, and received absolution at his hands. The Cardinal was put to death the following day without trial, but the Archbishop’s life was spared. On his trial he refused to answer when interrogated by the judges, on the ground that, as Archbishop and Primate, he was subject only to the jurisdiction of the Pope, or of delegates appointed by him. He was then imprisoned at Amboise. On his release he again joined the League, and was Mayenne’s strongest partisan. He died in 1599, refusing to the last to acknowledge Henry IV.—_Thuanus_, v. 855. [267] Nanteuil-le-Haudoin, 49 kilometres, or about 31 English miles, from Paris. Busbecq’s ‘French miles’ must therefore be leagues. The château had been purchased by Schomberg from the Guises in 1578, and he derived from it his title of Comte de Nanteuil. [268] The appointment of these commissioners, and the seizure of Mayenne’s letters, are mentioned by Busbecq, and, as far as we have been able to discover, by Busbecq alone. These facts are not noticed by Sismondi. As has been already remarked (vol. i. page 64, note), these letters have apparently entirely escaped the notice of historians. [269] Little more than two years intervened between the date of this letter and the writer’s death. See vol. i. pp. 70, 71. [270] See for example vol. i. p. 162, pp. 239-241, and p. 351. [271] See vol. i. p. 94. [272] See vol. i. pp. 94, 167, 407. [273] Ferdinand and Louis had married each other’s sisters. Mary, the wife of the latter, was afterwards Regent of the Netherlands for her brother Charles V. See Motley, _Rise of the Dutch Republic_, Part I. chap. i. [274] See vol. i. p. 410. [275] See vol. i. p. 409. [276] See vol. i. p. 166. [277] See vol. i. pp. 78, 79. [278] See vol. i. p. 301. [279] See vol. i. pp. 79, 176. [280] See vol. i. p. 80. [281] See vol. i. p. 236. [282] See vol. i. pp. 111-118. [283] See vol. i. p. 80. [284] See vol. i. p. 81. [285] See vol. i. p. 190. [286] See vol. i. p. 85. [287] See vol. i. pp. 237-239. [288] See p. 282. [289] See vol. i. p. 236. [290] See vol. i. p. 348, note. [291] See vol. i. p. 297. [292] See vol. i. p. 386.