But the Tripolitan war and the difficulties with Morocco were soon
thrown into the shade by events of a much more serious kind, which
threatened to break down Mr. Gallatin's arrangements in a summary way.
In the course of the summer of 1802 it had become known that France, by
a secret treaty, had acquired Louisiana from Spain, and had determined
to take possession of that province. While our minister in Paris was
reporting the progress of the movements which were to place a French
army across the stream of the lower Mississippi, our government received
information in October that the Spanish intendant at New Orleans had
interdicted the right of deposit for merchantdise which had hitherto
been enjoyed there by our citizens. Kentucky and Tennessee were
exasperated at this step, and there was some danger that they might
begin a war on their own account. The Administration at once took
measures to guard against these perils, so far as was possible. A
confidential message was sent to the Senate on January 11, containing
the nomination of Mr. Monroe to act with Mr. Livingston, then minister
in Paris, as special commissioners for the purchase of the eastern bank
of the Mississippi. Another confidential message had been previously
sent to the House, which debated upon it in secret session. What passed
there is briefly mentioned by Mr. Gallatin in a note of the 3d
December, 1805: "A public resolution ... was moved by Randolph and
adopted by the House. A committee in the mean while brought in a
confidential report to support and justify the President in the purchase
he was going to attempt, and to this an appropriation law in general
terms was added."
After a few months of anxiety and silent preparation, the Administration
had the profound satisfaction to see this storm disappear as suddenly as
it had risen. The renewal of war between England and France led the
First Consul not to accept the American offer to purchase Louisiana from
the Mississippi to Pensacola, but to propose the sale of all Louisiana,
which then embraced the whole western bank of the Mississippi from its
source to the Gulf of Mexico. This idea was naturally accepted with
eagerness by the Administration, and even Mr. Gallatin seems to have
felt for once no hesitation about increasing the national debt, a
necessary consequence of the purchase.
[Sidenote: 1803.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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