The Life of an Insect: being a history of the changes of insects from the egg to the perfect being.
Science
The Life of an Insect: being a history of the changes of insects from the egg to the perfect being.
Insects
Our next remark about the imago state of insects will, perhaps, create
some surprise--Insects in this state, with some apparent exceptions,
_do not grow larger_. When they leave the pupa state, and have all
their parts fully developed, they do not subsequently increase in size.
We are often told by ignorant people that the little house-flies which
we watch dancing in our chambers, or scrambling up our windows, are
only young flies of the same kind as flesh-flies, and that by-and-by
they will grow into a large "Blue-bottle!" This is a sad mistake. Let
the reader try. Let a fly be put under a glass, and fed with a little
sugar, or honey: in vain will he daily examine it, in the expectation
of beholding it increase in size--it will live and die nearly the same
little being unaltered to the last. If such persons only knew somewhat
of the life of an insect, such an absurd, and, unfortunately, very
prevalent mistake would not be committed. We might as reasonably call
a trout a young salmon! If we were to examine any number of flies of
the house-fly kind, (_Musca domestica_,) and carefully measure them, or
weigh them, we should find them all almost exactly of the same size;
which, of course would not be the case if they really grew larger as
they grew older.
But there are some insects which, after they leave their pupa, increase
within a very short time to a size which could scarcely be believed.
In particular, the new-born insects of a tribe of flies which produce
the aphis-lion larva before spoken of, are distinguished by this
peculiarity. We behold a very little insect emerge from the pupa-case,
and in a quarter of an hour we are astonished to find it has grown
to a great fly! This sudden increase appears the more marvellous,
because during this period the insect takes no nourishment. The wings
of this insect, when it is just born, are not more than _one-tenth_
the size they acquire in that short space of time. The insect is to
all appearance firm and plump, and offers a ridiculous contrast to the
tiny pupa-case out of which it has emerged. It appears probable that
this sudden enlargement is to be accounted for by the insect filling
itself with air, and thus causing the various parts so closely packed
together, and fitted into one another, in the pupa, to be expanded.
The experiment which puts this idea to the test is a very simple one;
we need only prick the body of the insect with a fine needle, and we
shall hear a slight sound produced by the escape of the air; and in a
few seconds the body of the creature shrinks to its former dimensions.
It appears, indeed, that the body of the insect is actually larger at
this time than at a subsequent period of its life, when it becomes
more flattened and shorter. Another beautiful insect, one of the
lace-winged flies, exhibits the same singular phenomenon. Its pupa-case
is not larger than a small pea, yet the body of the insect is nearly
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