The Life of Captain James Cook, the CircumnavigatorKitson, Arthur
History
The Life of Captain James Cook, the Circumnavigator
Kitson, Arthur
Cook, James, 1728-1779; Explorers -- Great Britain -- Biography; Geographers -- Great Britain -- Biography
The discussion on the subject had been resumed with renewed vigour after
the return of the Endeavour, and Dalrymple led one party, who held that
Cook had not set the matter at rest as he had left far too much space
untraversed.
WHITBY SHIPS AGAIN.
The two ships that were to be employed were probably selected in the
Thames by Cook himself, and, like the good ship Endeavour, were built by
Fishburn of Whitby, and purchased from Captain W. Hammond of Hull. The
reasoning which guided Cook in his selection is thus laid down by him in
his introduction to the account of the Second Voyage:
"The success of such undertakings as making discoveries in distant parts
of the world, will principally depend on the preparations being well
adapted to what ought to be the first consideration, namely, the
preservation of the adventurers and ships; and this will chiefly depend
on the kind, the size, and the properties of the ships chosen for the
service. These primary considerations will not admit of any other, that
may interfere with the necessary properties of the ships. Therefore, in
chusing the ships, should any of the most advantageous properties be
wanting, and the necessary room in them be, in any degree, diminished for
less important purposes, such a step would be laying a foundation for
rendering the undertaking abortive in the first instance. The ship must
not be of great draught, but of sufficient capacity to carry a proper
quantity of provisions and stores for the crew, and of such construction
that she will bear to take the ground, and of such a size that she can be
conveniently laid on shore if necessary for repairing any damages or
defects, and these qualities are to be found in North Country built
ships, such as are built for the coal trade, and in none other."
The larger of the two chosen was 462 tons, purchased for 4,151 pounds,
and received into the Royal Navy under the name of the Drake. She was
fitted as a sloop at Deptford, at a cost of 6,568 pounds (this sum,
probably, covering both the original alterations which proved
unsatisfactory and those made immediately before sailing), and at the
time of her purchase was about fourteen months old. The second ship was
of 336 tons, also fitted at Deptford as a sloop, was eighteen months old
at time of purchase, cost 2,103 pounds, and was received under the name
of Raleigh.
The complement of the Raleigh was eighty, but two additional carpenters'
mates were added to each ship later on. Cook was also instructed not to
bear, as was then usual, any servants on the books, but to enter A.B.s
instead, and each officer who was entitled to a servant was "to be paid
an allowance by Bill equal to the wages of the number of servants
respectively allowed them."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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