The Life of CrustaceaCalman, W. T. (William Thomas)
Science
The Life of Crustacea
Calman, W. T. (William Thomas)
Crustacea
The so-called "Norway Lobster" (_Nephrops norvegicus_--Plate XXX.), the
"Dublin Prawn" of the London fishmongers, is a smaller and much less
valuable species than the common Lobster. It may be recognized at once
by its long and slender claws, furnished with rows of tubercles or blunt
spines, and by the sculptured markings on the somites of the abdomen.
When alive it is of an orange colour, beautifully marked with red and
white. It differs considerably in its habits from the common Lobster,
living at a considerably greater depth (30 to 60 fathoms in Norway), and
on a muddy bottom. It is generally taken by trawling, and is captured in
large quantities by trawlers fishing in various parts of the North Sea.
Since it must be cooked soon after it is caught, and cannot easily be
brought to market alive like the common Lobster, only a small number of
those actually caught are made use of. Formerly most of those sold in
London were caught in the Irish Sea (whence the name of "Dublin Prawn"),
but the North Sea is now the chief source of supply. The species is
found in suitable localities from Norway to the Mediterranean, and is
especially abundant in the Adriatic, where it is caught and sold in
Venice and elsewhere under the name of "Scampo."
The Spiny Lobster, Rock Lobster, or Sea-crawfish (_Palinurus
vulgaris_--Plate V.), is common on the south and south-west coasts of
the British Islands, becoming rare in the north, although specimens have
been found as far north as Orkney, and there is a single record of the
species from the West of Norway. It is far less commonly used for the
table in this country than in France, where it is known as "Langouste"
and is very highly esteemed.
Various species of Spiny Lobsters belonging to the same family
(Palinuridæ) as the European species are found in different parts of the
world. In tropical countries the species of _Panulirus_ are commonly
used for food (for example, _P. interruptus_ in California and _P.
fasciatus_ in India), as are species of _Jasus_ in South Africa,
Australia, and New Zealand. Recently a consignment of Spiny Lobsters
(_Jasus lalandii_) was sent to the London market from the Cape, but it
appears that the experiment was not altogether successful.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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