The Life of George Stephenson and of his Son Robert Stephenson: Comprising Also a History of the Invention and Introduction of the Railway LocomotiveSmiles, Samuel
History
The Life of George Stephenson and of his Son Robert Stephenson: Comprising Also a History of the Invention and Introduction of the Railway Locomotive
As may readily be imagined, the jets of steam from the piston, blowing
off into the air at high pressure while the engine was in motion,
caused considerable annoyance to horses passing along the Wylam road,
at that time a public highway. The nuisance was felt to be almost
intolerable, and a neighboring gentleman threatened to have it put
down. To diminish the noise as much as possible, Mr. Blackett gave
orders that so soon as any horse, or vehicle drawn by horses, came in
sight, the locomotive was to be stopped, and the frightful blast of
the engine thus suspended until the passing animals had got out of
sight. Much interruption was thus caused to the working of the railway,
and it excited considerable dissatisfaction among the workmen. The
following plan was adopted to abate the nuisance: a reservoir was
provided immediately behind the chimney (as shown in the opposite
cut) into which the waste steam was thrown after it had performed its
office in the cylinder, and from this reservoir the steam gradually
escaped into the atmosphere without noise. This arrangement was devised
with the express object of preventing a blast in the chimney, the
value of which, as we shall subsequently find, was not detected until
George Stephenson, adopting it with a preconceived design and purpose,
demonstrated its importance and value--as being, in fact, the very
life-breath of the locomotive engine.
While Mr. Blackett was thus experimenting and building locomotives
at Wylam, George Stephenson was anxiously studying the same subject
at Killingworth. He was no sooner appointed engine-wright of the
collieries than his attention was directed to the means of more
economically hauling the coal from the pits to the river side. We
have seen that one of the first important improvements which he
made, after being placed in charge of the colliery machinery, was to
apply the surplus power of a pumping steam-engine fixed underground,
for the purpose of drawing the coals out of the deeper workings of
the Killingworth mines, by which he succeeded in effecting a large
reduction in the expenditure on manual and horse labor.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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