The Life of George Stephenson and of his Son Robert Stephenson: Comprising Also a History of the Invention and Introduction of the Railway LocomotiveSmiles, Samuel
History
The Life of George Stephenson and of his Son Robert Stephenson: Comprising Also a History of the Invention and Introduction of the Railway Locomotive
The specification also shows the application of the high-pressure
engine on the same principle to the driving of a sugar-mill, or for
other purposes where a fixed power is required, dispensing with
condenser, cistern, air-pump, and cold-water pump. In the year 1803,
a small engine of this kind was erected after Trevithick's plan at
Marazion, which worked by steam of at least 30 lbs. on the inch above
atmospheric pressure, and gave much satisfaction.
The first experimental steam-carriage was constructed by Trevithick
and Vivian in their workshops at Camborne in 1803, and was tried by
them on the public road adjoining the town, as well as in the street
of the town itself. John Petherick, a native of Camborne, who was
alive in 1858, stated in a letter to Mr. Edward Williams that he well
remembered seeing the engine, worked by Mr. Trevithick himself, come
through the place, to the great wonder of the inhabitants. He says,
"The experiment was satisfactory only as long as the steam pressure
could be kept up. During that continuance Trevithick called upon the
people to 'jump up,' so as to create a load on the engine; and it soon
became covered with men, which did not seem to make any difference to
the power or speed so long as the steam was kept up. This was sought to
be done by the application of a cylindrical horizontal bellows worked
by the engine itself; but the attempt to keep up the power of the steam
for any considerable time proved a failure."
Trevithick, however, made several alterations in the engine which had
the effect of improving it, and its success was such that he determined
to take it to London and exhibit it there as the most recent novelty
in steam mechanism. It was successfully run by road from Camborne to
Plymouth, a distance of about ninety miles. At Plymouth it was shipped
for London, where it shortly after arrived in safety, and excited
considerable curiosity. It was run on the waste ground in the vicinity
of the present Bethlehem Hospital, as well as on Lord's cricket-ground.
There Sir Humphry Davy, Mr. Davies Gilbert, and other scientific
gentlemen inspected the machine and rode upon it. Several of them
took the steering of the carriage by turns, and they expressed their
satisfaction with the mechanism by which it was directed. Sir Humphry,
writing to a friend in Cornwall, said, "I shall soon hope to hear that
the roads of England are the haunts of Captain Trevithick's dragons--a
characteristic name." After the experiment at Lord's, the carriage was
run along the New-road, and down Gray's-Inn Lane, to the premises of a
carriage-builder in Long Acre. To show the adaptability of the engine
for fixed uses, Trevithick had it taken from the carriage on the day
after this trial and removed to the shop of a cutler, where he applied
it with success to the driving of the machinery.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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