Widely contrasted in every respect was the other new work of 1887,
introduced to the private circle of Vienna musicians at the last meeting
for the season of the Tonkünstlerverein in April, 1888. The eleven
four-part 'Gipsy Songs,' published in the course of the year as
Op. 103, were sung from the manuscript by Frãulein Walter, Frau
Gomperz-Bettelheim, Gustav Walter, and Weiglein of the imperial opera,
to the composer's accompaniment. Brahms obtained the texts of this
characteristic and attractive work from a collection of twenty-five
'Hungarian Folk-songs' translated into German by Hugo Conrat, and
published in Budapest, with their original melodies set by Zoltan Nagy
for mezzo-soprano or baritone, with the addition of pianoforte
accompaniment. Conrat's translations have been done in masterly fashion.
Literal as far as possible, slight modifications of the original have
been admitted here and there in order to obtain a natural flow of the
lines; and to some single-strophe songs, including Nos. 3 and 4 of
Brahms' work, a second verse, developing the idea of the first, has been
added. The German texts, in which the national Hungarian character is
admirably preserved, appealed irresistibly to our master, and are well
adapted to the four-part setting with pianoforte accompaniment which had
proved so successful in the two books of Liebeslieder Walzer.
One of the earliest public performances of the Gipsy Songs was that of
the Monday Popular concert of November 26 by Mr. and Mrs. Henschel, Miss
Lena Little, and Mr. Shakespeare, with Miss Fanny Davies as pianist.
They were repeated at the Saturday Popular of December 1, and again on
Monday and Saturday, December 22 and 28. The first public performance in
Vienna--by the executants who had already given the work privately--took
place at Walter's concert in the Börsendorfer Hall on January 18, 1889.
The Gipsy Songs had an immediate widespread, and enormous success, and
were soon heard in all parts of the musical world. They were sung in
Paris in a French translation, and many times in Budapest, where the
composer's art had become popular, in Hungarian retranslated from
Conrat's version. Great though their popularity has remained, however,
it has not equalled that of the Liebeslieder, and of these the demand
for the first book has continued to exceed that for the second.
A graphic picture of Brahms as he was in the year 1888 and onwards is to
be found in an article by Dr. Jenner.[72] This gentleman made the
master's acquaintance under particularly interesting circumstances. When
still a very young man, resident at Kiel, and a favourite of Claus
Groth, the manuscripts of some of his songs came under Brahms' notice,
and so much engaged his sympathy as to induce him to say he would be
happy to receive the composer during his visit to Leipzig on the
occasion of the above-recorded performance of the new double concerto.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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