General Monk. Major-General Charles Howard. Colonel Adrian Scroope. Colonel Cooper. Colonel Nathaniel Whetham. Colonel William Lockhart (soon afterwards Sir William, and Ambassador to France). John Swinton, Laird of Swinton (afterwards Sir John). Samuel Desborough, Esq. (brother of the Regicide). _Chief Clerk to the Council_ (£300 a year): Emanuel Downing. SUPREME COMMISSIONERS OF JUSTICE (in lieu of the Old Scotch Court of Session):--This was a body of Seven Judges; four of whom were English--George Smith, Edward Moseley, William Lawrence, and Henry Goodyere (the last two in the places of two of the original four of 1652),--but three of them native Scots, accustomed to Scottish law and practice. These native Judges had been added for some time already, and there had been, and were to be, changes of the persons; but one hears most of Lockhart, Swinton, Sir James Learmont, Alexander Pearson, and Andrew Ker. At hand, and helping much, though no longer now the great man he had been in Scotland, was Sir Archibald Johnstone of Warriston. STATE OFFICERS:--Most of the state-offices of the old Scottish constitution were still kept up, but were held, of course, by the new Councillors and Judges. The _Keepership of the Great Seal_ was given to Desborough; the _Signet_ or _Privy Seal_, with the fees of the old _Secretaryship_, to Lockhart; the _Clerk Registership_ to Judge Smith; &c. TRUSTEES OF FORFEITED AND SEQUESTRATED ESTATES:--Under this name, by the Ordinance of April 12, 1654 (Vol. IV. pp. 561-562), there was a body of seven persons, about half of them English, looking after the rents and revenues of those numerous Scottish nobles and lairds the punishment of whom, for past delinquency, by total or partial seizing of their estates, had been one of the necessary incidents of the Conquest (Vol. IV. pp. 559-561). II. MILITARY ESTABLISHMENT. COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, General George Monk (head-quarters Dalkeith), with Major-General Howard, Colonels Cooper, Scroope, and Whetham, and other Colonels and inferior officers, under him. The total force of horse and foot in Scotland may have been about 7000 or 8000. It was distributed over the country in forts and garrisons, the chief being those of Edinburgh, Leith, Glasgow, Stirling, Dundee, Perth, Aberdeen, Dunnottar, Burntisland, Linlithgow, Dumbarton, Ayr, Dunstaffnage, and Inverness. Everywhere the English soldiers acted as a police, and their officers superseded, or were conjoined with, the native magistrates and sheriffs in the local courts.[1] [Footnote 1: Council Order Books of the English Council July 26, 1655, containing letter from "Oliver P." to Monk, announcing the new establishment; _Perfect Proceedings_, No. 307, publishing for the Londoners, under date July 27, the names of his Highness's new Council for Scotland; Baillie's Letters, III. 249-250; Godwin, IV. 462-3.]