On the 11th of April, five days before his assassination, Lincoln
delivered a carefully prepared address from the balcony of the White
House in response to a greeting of citizens who had assembled to welcome
him on his return from Richmond after the surrender of that city. He
embraced the occasion to call attention again to the question of
Reconstruction which was now becoming momentous. He referred to the plan
which he had recommended in his annual message of December, 1863, and
said that it had received the approval of every member of his Cabinet
(which then included Chase and Blair). It had not been objected to by
any professed emancipationist until after the news reached Washington
that the people of Louisiana were about to take action in accordance
with it. Then the question had been raised whether the seceded states
were in the Union or out of it. He did not consider that question a
material one, but rather a pernicious abstraction, having only the
mischievous effect of dividing loyal men. The question now uppermost was
how to get the seceded states again into their proper practical
relations with the Union. "Let us all join," he said, "in doing the
acts necessary to restoring the proper practical relations between these
states and the Union, and each forever after innocently indulge his own
opinion whether, in doing the acts, he brought the states from without
into the Union, or only gave them proper assistance, they never having
been out." The question was not whether the Louisiana Government as
reconstructed was quite all that was desirable, but whether it was wiser
to take it and help to improve it, or to reject and disperse it.
"Concede that the new Government of Louisiana is only, to what it should
be, as the egg is to the fowl, we shall sooner have the fowl by hatching
the egg than by smashing it." He concluded by saying that his remarks
would apply generally to other states, but that there were peculiarities
pertaining to each state, and important and sudden changes occurring in
the same state, so that no exclusive and inflexible plan could safely be
prescribed as to details. Therefore, he held himself free to make some
new announcement to the people of the South when satisfied that such
action would be proper.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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