But though Newton had not communicated this great invention to any
of his friends, he composed his treatise, entitled _Analysis per
equationes numero terminorum infinitas_, in which the principle of
fluxions and its numerous applications are clearly pointed out. In
the month of June, 1669, he communicated this work to Dr. Barrow, who
mentions it in a letter to Mr. Collins, dated the 20th June, 1669, as
the production of a friend of his residing at Cambridge, who possesses
a fine genius for such inquiries. On the 31st July, he transmitted the
work to Collins; and having received his approbation of it, he informs
him that the name of the author of it was Newton, a fellow of his
own college, and a young man who had only two years before taken his
degree of M.A. Collins took a copy of this treatise, and returned the
original to Dr. Barrow; and this copy having been found among Collins’s
papers by his friend Mr. William Jones, and compared with the original
manuscript borrowed from Newton, it was published with the consent of
Newton in 1711, nearly fifty years after it was written.
Though the discoveries contained in this treatise were not at
first given to the world, yet they were made generally known to
mathematicians by the correspondence of Collins, who communicated them
to James Gregory; to MM. Bertet and Vernon in France; to Slusius in
Holland; to Borelli in Italy; and to Strode, Townsend, and Oldenburg,
in letters dated between 1669 and 1672.
Hitherto the method of fluxions was known only to the friends of
Newton and their correspondents; but, in the first edition of the
Principia, which appeared in 1687, he published, for the first time,
the fundamental principle of the fluxionary calculus, in the second
lemma of the second book. No information, however, is here given
respecting the algorithm or notation of the calculus; and it was not
till 1693–5[?] that it was communicated to the mathematical world in
the second volume of Dr. Wallis’s works, which were published in that
year. This information was extracted from two letters of Newton written
in 1692.
About the year 1672, Newton had undertaken to publish an edition of
Kinckhuysen’s Algebra, with notes and additions. He therefore drew up
a treatise, entitled, _A Method of Fluxions_, which he proposed as an
introduction to that work; but the fear of being involved in disputes
about this new discovery, or perhaps the wish to render it more
complete, or to have the sole advantage of employing it in his physical
researches, induced him to abandon this design. At a later period of
his life he again resolved to give it to the world; but it did not
appear till after his death, when it was translated into English, and
published in 1736, with a commentary by Mr. John Colson, Professor of
Mathematics in Cambridge.[59]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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