But however well-founded these observations may be, we agree in opinion
with M. Daunou,[101] “that they are not sufficient to establish a new
system, and we must regard the system of Newton as a great fact in the
history of chronological science, and as confirming the observation
of Varro, that the stage of history does not commence till the first
Olympiad.”
Among the chronological writings of Sir Isaac Newton we must enumerate
his _letter to a person of distinction who had desired his opinion of
the learned Bishop Lloyd’s hypothesis concerning the form of the most
ancient year_. This hypothesis was sent by the Bishop of Worcester to
Dr. Prideaux. Sir Isaac remarks, that it is filled with many excellent
observations on the ancient year; but he does not “find it proved that
any ancient nations used a year of twelve months and 360 days without
correcting it from time to time by the luminaries, to make the months
keep to the course of the moon, and the year to the course of the sun,
and returns of the seasons and fruits of the earth.” After examining
the years of all the nations of antiquity, he concludes, “that no other
years are to be met with among the ancients but such as were either
luni-solar, or solar or lunar, or the calendars of these years.” A
practical year, he adds, of 360 days is none of these. The beginning of
such a year would have run round the four seasons in seventy years,
and such a notable revolution would have been mentioned in history, and
is not to be asserted without proving it.[102]
CHAPTER XVI.
_Theological Studies of Sir Isaac—Their Importance to Christianity—
Motives to which they have been ascribed—Opinions of Biot and
Laplace considered—His Theological Researches begun before his
supposed Mental Illness—The Date of these Works fixed—Letters
to Locke—Account of his Observations on Prophecy—His Historical
Account of two notable Corruptions of Scripture—His Lexicon
Propheticum—His Four Letters to Dr. Bentley—Origin of Newton’s
Theological Studies—Analogy between the Book of Nature and that of
Revelation._
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