It would be tedious to follow the debates through in detail.
Necessarily the later arguments were mainly a repetition of those
made in the earlier speeches. Thee was a marked falling off in
the good temper and mutual courtesy of the combatants in the later
stages of the contest. The abiding question to which the argument
constantly recurred was that of negro slavery, as to which Lincoln
was darkly oracular and Douglas was resolutely evasive. Lincoln
again and again pressed Douglas to say whether he regarded slavery
as wrong. Douglas persistently declined the question on the pleat
that it was one wholly foreign to national politics. Each State
had a right to decide for itself; and that right had been delegated
to the Territories by the Compromise act of 1850 and again by the
Kansas-Nebraska act of 1854.
"I look forward," he said, "to a time when each State shall be allowed
to do as it pleases. If it chooses to keep slavery forever, it is
not my business, but its own; if it chooses to abolish slavery, it
is its own business, not mine. I care more for the great principle
of self-government, the right of the people to rule, then I do for
all the negroes in Christendom. I would not endanger the perpetuity
of this Union, I would not blot out the great inalienable rights
of the white man, for all the negroes that ever existed."
Lincoln persistently pressed his argument: "When Douglas says he
don't care whether slaver is voted up or voted down, he can thus
argue logically if he don't see anything wrong in it; but he cannot
say so logically if he admits that slavery is wrong. He cannot say
that the would as soon see a wrong voted up as voted down. When
he says that slave property and horse and hog property are alike
to be allowed to go into the Territories upon the principle of
equality, he is reasoning truly if there is no difference between
them and property; but if the one is property held rightfully and
the other is wrong, then there is no equality between the right and
the wrong. * * * That is the real issue. That is the issue that
will continue in this country when these poor tongues of Judge
Douglas and myself shall be silent. It is the eternal struggle
between these two principles that have stood face to face from
the beginning of time and will ever continue to struggle. The one
is the common right of humanity and the other the divine right of
kings. It is the same principle in whatever shape it develops. It
is the same spirit that says, 'you work and toil and earn bread,
and I'll eat it.' No matter in what shape it comes, whether from
the mouth of a king who seeks to bestride the people of his own
nation and live by the fruit of their labor or from one race of men
as an apology for enslaving another race, it is the same tyrannical
principle."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account