He had a clear majority of the Convention. But the Democrats,
though still wearing a common badge, now constituted two distinct
and antagonistic parties, held together not so much by common
beliefs as by habits, traditions and sentimental attachment to an
old and venerable name. The Northern Democrats were wholly estranged
from those of the South. The two sections of the party quarreled
about the platform; yet the Southerners cared little about that
matter if they could name the candidate. They did not demand a
Southern man, for he could not be elected. They wanted a "Northern
man with Southern principles," like Pierce or Buchanan. Of all
living men the dexterous and domineering Douglas least suited their
demands. He was probably the only man who could have carried a
large enough Northern vote to be elected. But they could not forget
that his popularity at the North was, in part, the result of his
great battle against the South which had caused their disastrous
defeat.
The Northern delegates insisted on merely approving the Cincinnati
platform, while the Southern delegates, who hoped to render Douglas'
candidacy impossible, insisted on radical pro-slavery declarations
and a denial of all right of the people of a Territory to prevent
the holding of slaves. After a fierce struggle the Northern platform
was adopted by a small majority. Immediately the delegates from
Alabama, Mississippi, South Carolina, Louisiana, Florida, Texas,
Arkansas and three-fourths of that from Georgia refused to abide
by it and withdrew.
The seceders organized another Convention, adopted the radical
platform which had been rejected and adjourned to meet at Richmond
on the 11th of June.
The regular Convention, meanwhile, found itself unable to do anything.
The settled rule required a vote of two-thirds of all the delegates
to select a candidate. The chairman ruled that in order to be
nominated Douglas must have two-thirds of all the delegates elected,
notwithstanding the secession. This required 202 votes. He had
but 152 and the other 50 were not to be had. On May 3rd, after
57 ballots, the Convention adjourned to meet at Baltimore on June
18th. Davis, Toombs and the other leaders of the Southern junta
in Congress issued an address approving the course of the seceders
at Charleston, advising them to take no action at Richmond, but
to await the result of the Baltimore Convention and expressing the
conviction that, if fair concessions were not made to the South,
other delegations would join them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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