The Life of the Fly; With Which are Interspersed Some Chapters of AutobiographyFabre, Jean-Henri
Science
The Life of the Fly; With Which are Interspersed Some Chapters of Autobiography
Fabre, Jean-Henri
Diptera; Flies
The ovipositor bends at a right angle and dives into the junction of the
beak, straight down to the root. Then the eggs are emitted for nearly
half an hour. The layer, utterly absorbed in her serious business,
remains stationary and impassive and is easily observed through my lens.
A movement on my part would doubtless scare her; but my restful presence
gives her no anxiety. I am nothing to her.
The discharge does not go on continuously until the ovaries are
exhausted; it is intermittent and performed in so many packets. Several
times over, the fly leaves the bird's beak and comes to take a rest upon
the wire gauze, where she brushes her hind legs one against the other.
In particular, before using it again, she cleans, smoothes and polishes
her laying tool, the probe that places the eggs. Then, feeling her womb
still teeming, she returns to the same spot at the joint of the beak.
The delivery is resumed, to cease presently and then begin anew. A
couple of hours are thus spent in alternate standing near the eye and
resting on the wire gauze.
At last, it is over. The fly does not go back to the bird, a proof
that her ovaries are exhausted. The next day, she is dead. The eggs are
dabbed in a continuous layer, at the entrance to the throat, at the
root of the tongue, on the membrane of the palate. Their number appears
considerable; the whole inside of the gullet is white with them. I fix
a little wooden prop between the two mandibles of the beak, to keep them
open and enable me to see what happens.
I learn in this way that the hatching takes place in a couple of days.
As soon as they are born, the young vermin, a swarming mass, leave the
place where they are and disappear down the throat. To inquire further
into the work is useless for the moment. We shall learn more about it
later, under conditions that make examination easier.
The beak of the bird invaded was closed at the start, as far as the
natural contact of the mandibles allowed. There remained a narrow slit
at the base, sufficient at most to admit the passage of a horsehair.
It was through this that the laying was performed. Lengthening her
ovipositor like a telescope, the mother inserted the point of her
implement, a point slightly hardened with a horny armor. The fineness
of the probe equals the fineness of the aperture. But, if the beak were
entirely closed, where would the eggs be laid then?
With a tied thread, I keep the two mandibles in absolute contact; and
I place a second bluebottle in the presence of the linnet, which the
colonists have already entered by the beak. This time, the laying
takes place on one of the eyes, between the lid and the eyeball. At
the hatching, which again occurs a couple of days later, the grubs make
their way into the fleshy depths of the socket. The eyes and the beak,
therefore, form the two chief entrances into feathered game.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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