The Life of the Fly; With Which are Interspersed Some Chapters of AutobiographyFabre, Jean-Henri
Science
The Life of the Fly; With Which are Interspersed Some Chapters of Autobiography
Fabre, Jean-Henri
Diptera; Flies
Whom shall I lodge in my glass trough, kept permanently wholesome by
the action of the water weeds? I shall keep caddis worms, those expert
dressers. Few of the self-clothing insects surpass them in ingenious
attire. The ponds in my neighborhood supply me with five or six species,
each possessing an art of its own. Today, but one of these shall receive
historical honors.
I obtain it from the muddy bottomed, stagnant pools crammed with small
reeds. As far as one can judge from the habitation merely, it should be,
according to the specialists, Limnophilus flavicornis, whose work has
earned for the whole corporation the pretty name of Phryganea, a Greek
term meaning a bit of wood, a stick. In a no less expressive fashion,
the Provencal peasant calls it lou portofais, lou porto-caneu. This is
the little grub that carries through the still waters a faggot of tiny
fragments fallen from the reeds.
Its sheath, a travelling house, is a composite and barbaric piece of
work, a megalithic pile wherein art, retires in favor of amorphous
strength. The materials are many and sundry, so much so that we might
imagine that we had the work of dissimilar builders before our eyes, if
frequent transitions did not tell us the contrary.
With the young ones, the novices, it starts with a sort of deep basket
in rustic wicker-work. The twigs employed present nearly always the same
characteristics and are none other than bits of small, stiff roots, long
steeped and peeled under water. The grub that has made a find of these
fibers saws them with its mandibles and cuts them into little straight
sticks, which it fixes one by one to the edge of its basket, always
crosswise, perpendicular to the axis of the work.
Picture a circle surrounded by a bristling mass of tangents, or rather a
polygon with its sides extended in all directions. On this assemblage
of straight lines we place repeated layers of others, without troubling
about similarity of position, thus obtaining a sort of ragged fascine,
whose sticks project on every side. Such is the bastion of the child
grub, an excellent system of defense, with its continuous pile of
spikes, but difficult to steer through the tangle of aquatic plants.
Sooner or later, the worm forsakes this kind of caltrop which catches on
to everything. It was a basket maker, it now turns carpenter; it builds
with little beams and joists--that is to say, with round bits of
wood, browned by the water, often as wide as a thick straw and a
finger's-breadth long, more or less--taking them as chance supplies
them.
For the rest, there is something of everything in this rag bag: bits of
stubble, fag ends of rushes, scraps of plants, fragments of some tiny
twig or other, chips of wood, shreds of bark, largish grains, especially
the seeds of the yellow iris, which were red when they fell from their
capsules and are now black as jet.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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