To me, as a naturalist, the outstanding feature in the two fables—a
feature which I should find repeated elsewhere, beyond a doubt, if my
library were not reduced to a small row of odd volumes on a deal
shelf—is the burrow on which the moral is founded. Florian speaks of
the snug retreat; the other praises his lowly home. It is the dwelling
therefore that above all compels attention, even that of the poet, who
cares little in general for realities.
In this respect, indeed, the Cricket is extraordinary. Of all our
insects, he alone, on attaining maturity, possesses a fixed abode, the
monument of his industry. During the bad season of the year, most of
the others burrow or skulk in some temporary refuge, a refuge obtained
free of cost and abandoned without regret. Several create marvels, with
a view to settling their family: cotton satchels, baskets made of
leaves, towers of cement. Some carnivorous larvæ dwell in permanent
ambuscades, where they lie in wait for their prey. The Tiger-beetle,
among others, digs itself a perpendicular hole, which it closes with
its flat, bronze head. Whoever ventures on the insidious foot-bridge
vanishes down the gulf, whose trap-door at once tips up and disappears
beneath the feet of the wayfarer. The Ant-lion makes a funnel in the
sand. The Ant slides down its very loose slope and is bombarded with
projectiles hurled from the bottom of the crater by the hunter, who
turns his neck into a catapult. But these are all temporary refuges,
nests or traps.
The laboriously constructed residence, in which the insect settles down
with no intention of moving, either in the happy spring or the woful
winter season; the real manor, built for peace and comfort and not as a
hunting-box or a nursery: this is known to the Cricket alone. On some
sunny, grassy slope he is the owner of a hermitage. While all the
others lead vagabond lives, sleeping in the open air or under the
casual shelter of a dead leaf, a stone, or the peeling bark of an old
tree, he is a privileged person with a permanent address.
A serious problem is that of the home. It has been solved by the
Cricket, by the Rabbit and, lastly, by man. In my neighbourhood, the
Fox and the Badger have holes the best part of which is supplied by the
irregularities of the rock. A few repairs; and the dug-out is
completed. Cleverer than they, the Rabbit builds his house by burrowing
wheresoever he pleases, when there is no natural passage that allows
him to settle down free of any trouble.
The Cricket surpasses all of them. Scorning chance refuges, he always
chooses the site of his abode, in well-drained ground, with a pleasant
sunny aspect. He refuses to make use of fortuitous cavities, which are
incommodious and rough; he digs every bit of his villa, from the
entrance-hall to the back-room.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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