Whether she wound or kill, the Epeira bites her captive somewhere or
other, no matter where. This is an excellent method on her part, because
of the variety of the game that comes her way. I see her accepting with
equal readiness whatever chance may send her: Butterflies and
Dragon-flies, Flies and Wasps, small Dung-beetles and Locusts. If I
offer her a Mantis, a Bumble-bee, an Anoxia--the equivalent of the common
Cockchafer--and other dishes probably unknown to her race, she accepts
all and any, large and small, thin-skinned and horny-skinned, that which
goes afoot and that which takes winged flight. She is omnivorous, she
preys on everything, down to her own kind, should the occasion offer.
Had she to operate according to individual structure, she would need an
anatomical dictionary; and instinct is essentially unfamiliar with
generalities: its knowledge is always confined to limited points. The
Cerceres know their Weevils and their Buprestis-beetles absolutely; the
Sphex their Grasshoppers, their Crickets and their Locusts; the Scoliae
{34} their Cetonia- and Oryctes-grubs. Even so the other paralyzers.
Each has her own victim and knows nothing of any of the others.
The same exclusive tastes prevail among the slayers. Let us remember, in
this connection, _Philanthus apivorus_ {35} and, especially, the
Thomisus, the comely Spider who cuts Bees' throats. They understand the
fatal blow, either in the neck or under the chin, a thing which the
Epeira does not understand; but, just because of this talent, they are
specialists. Their province is the Domestic Bee.
Animals are a little like ourselves: they excel in an art only on
condition of specializing in it. The Epeira, who, being omnivorous, is
obliged to generalize, abandons scientific methods and makes up for this
by distilling a poison capable of producing torpor and even death, no
matter what the point attacked.
Recognizing the large variety of game, we wonder how the Epeira manages
not to hesitate amid those many diverse forms, how, for instance, she
passes from the Locust to the Butterfly, so different in appearance. To
attribute to her as a guide an extensive zoological knowledge were wildly
in excess of what we may reasonably expect of her poor intelligence. The
thing moves, therefore it is worth catching: this formula seems to sum up
the Spider's wisdom.
CHAPTER XIV: THE GARDEN SPIDERS: THE QUESTION OF PROPERTY
A dog has found a bone. He lies in the shade, holding it between his
paws, and studies it fondly. It is his sacred property, his chattel. An
Epeira has woven her web. Here again is property; and owning a better
title than the other. Favoured by chance and assisted by his scent, the
Dog has merely had a find; he has neither worked nor paid for it. The
Spider is more than a casual owner, she has created what is hers. Its
substance issued from her body, its structure from her brain. If ever
property was sacrosanct, hers is.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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