The mother often emits them two at a time, one above the other; often
also the uppermost of the pair succeeds in hatching, whereas the lower
fades and perishes. What did this latter lack, to produce a grub? A
sun-bath, perhaps, the gentle incubation of which the upper egg robs
it. Whether through the effect of the untimely screen that overshadows
it, or for some other reason, the elder of the eggs in a group of two
rarely follows the normal course. It withers on the pod, dead before it
has come to life.
There are exceptions to this premature end. Sometimes the twin eggs
develop equally well; but these instances are so rare that the family
of the Bruchus would be reduced by nearly one-half if the binary system
were a fixed rule. To the detriment of the peas and to the Weevil’s
advantage there is one thing that lessens this destructive factor: the
eggs are laid one by one and in separate places.
A recent hatching is marked by a whitish, winding little ribbon, which
raises and fades the skin of the pod near the sloughed egg-shell. It is
the work of the new-born larva and is a subcutaneous tunnel along which
the tiny creature wends its way in search of a point through which to
penetrate. When it has found this spot, the grub, measuring hardly a
millimetre and pale-bodied, with a black cap, pierces the outer wrapper
and dives into the capacious sheath of the pod.
It reaches the peas and perches on the nearest. I watch it through the
magnifying-glass, exploring its globe, its world. It sinks a well at
right angles to the sphere. I see some which, half-way down, wriggle
their tails to stimulate their efforts. After a short spell of work,
the miner disappears and is at home.
The entrance-hole is minute, but is easily recognized at any time by
its brown colouring against the pale-green or yellow-green background
of the pea. It has no fixed site; we see it more or less anywhere on
the surface of the pea, excepting generally on the lower half, that is
to say, the hemisphere whose pole is formed by the base of the
funicular cord.
It is precisely in this part that the germ is found which will not be
consumed and will remain capable of developing into an embryo plant, in
spite of the large hole made by the adult insect in leaving. Why is
this portion left unscathed? What are the reasons that safeguard the
germ of the exploited seed?
It goes without saying that the Bruchus does not consider the gardener.
The pea is meant for it and none other. In refusing to take the few
bites which would entail the death of the seed, it has no intention of
reducing the damage. It abstains from other motives.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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