The Life of Tolstoy: First Fifty Years: Fifth EditionMaude, Aylmer
General
The Life of Tolstoy: First Fifty Years: Fifth Edition
Maude, Aylmer
Tolstoy, Leo, graf, 1828-1910
During his wanderings on the steppe, Tolstoy met many Molokáns, members
of a kind of Bible-Christian peasant sect. They base their faith on the
Bible, reject the Greek Church with its traditions, priesthood, dogmas,
ritual, sacraments, and icons. The name Molokán, or Milk-Drinker,
probably arose from the fact that, not observing the Russian fasts,
these people do not scruple to drink milk in Lent. They are said to be
distinguished by an honesty and industry not found among their Orthodox
neighbours; and they abstain from all intoxicants.
It interested Tolstoy to mix with these people, and he liked to discuss
their beliefs, especially with a venerable leader of theirs, named
Aggéy. It so happened that in the neighbouring village of Pátrovka
there was a very worthy young Russian priest, who was eager to convert
the Molokáns, and occasionally arranged debates with them on religious
subjects. Tolstoy sometimes attended these debates: his object being
not so much to convert the Molokáns, as to understand the points on
which they differed from the Russo-Greek Church. He also took an
interest in the Mohammedan faith of his Bashkír friends, and on his
return to Yásnaya read through a French translation of the Koran.
A few years later Tolstoy associated much with the representatives of
various sects and faiths, being then profoundly interested in their
beliefs; but at this time, his interest in such matters was only
beginning to make itself felt.
A letter of Tourgénef's written at this period, indicates how little he
allowed his quarrel with Tolstoy the man, to warp his appreciation of
Tolstoy the artist. Writing to Fet on 2nd July 1871, he says:
Your letter again grieves me--I refer to what you write about
L. Tolstoy. I have great fears on his account, for two of his
brothers died of consumption, and I am very glad he is taking a
koumýs cure, in the reality and efficacy of which I have faith. L.
Tolstoy is the only hope of our orphaned literature; he cannot and
must not vanish from the face of the earth as prematurely as his
predecessors: Poúshkin, Lérmontof and Gógol.
Again in November, writing from Paris, he says:
I am very glad that Tolstoy's health is now satisfactory and that
he is at work. Whatever he does will be good, if only he does not
himself mutilate his own handiwork. Philosophy, which he hates, has
revenged herself on him in a strange way: she has infected him,
and the enemy of rationalising has plunged head over ears into
rationalisation! But perhaps all _that_ has fallen away from him by
now, and left only the pure and powerful artist.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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