Leaf-beetles, 53, 83, 92-3, 113 _Lebia scapularis_, 119 Lepidoptera, 1, 36, 38, 49, 58, 81, 95-104, 107 Libellulidae, 27 Lice, 116 Lipeurus, 108 Longhorn Beetles, 55 Looper caterpillars, 59, 61 Lowne, B.T., 42 Lubbock, J., 6, 32 Lymantriidae, 90 Lyonet, P., 38 Machilis, 11 Maggot, 44, 67, 71-6, 109, 114 Magpie Moth, 60, 82, 97-8 Mallophaga, 108 Mandibles, 4, 17, 26, 58, 67, 86 Mangel-fly, 73 Marlatt, C.L., 93 Marshall, G.A.K., 104 Maxillae, 2, 17, 37, 42 May-flies, 31-4, 107, 110, 117, 120 Meloidae, 56 Mesozoic insects, 107 Metabola, 35 Metamorphosis (in general), 6, 109; (degrees of in insects) 8, 35, 109, 117-19 Miall, L.C., 6, 28, 33, 43, 77, 78, 87, 97, 113 Mosquito. _See_ Culex, Gnats Moths, 1, 58-62, 84, 95-100, 117 Moult, 10, 32, 36, 41 _Musca domestica_, 71 Muscidae, 44 Muscles, 47 Nervous system, 44-5 Neuroptera, 57, 80, 112 Newport, G., 41, 44 Noctuidae, 60, 98 Nymph, 15, 28, 33 Oak-apples, 94 Obtect pupa, 81 Odonata, 24. _See also_ Dragon-flies _Oestrus ovis_, 91 Oil-beetles, 56, 112 _Orgyia antiqua_, 96-7 Orthoptera, 17, 35, 110 Owl Moths, 60, 98 Packard, A.S., 56, 118 Paedogenesis. _See_ Larval reproduction Painted Lady Butterfly, 96 Palaeozoic insects, 107 Palmen, J.A., 25 Parasitic insects, 73-4, 108, 116 Parental care, 64-6 Parthenogenesis, 18 Partial transformation, 35, 37 Perla, 24 Permian insects, 107 Phagocytes, 48 Phyllodecta, 53, 113 Phyllotreta, 53 _Pieris brassicae_, 39, 41, 85, 100 _Pieris napi_ and var. _bryoniae_, 102-3 Platygaster, 66 Plecoptera, 24. _See also_ Stone-flies Pompilidae, 66-7 Poulton, E.B., 61, 82, 109 Precis, 104 Proctotrypidae, 66 Pro-legs, 4, 58-9, 84, 114 Pro-nymph, 118, 119 Protective coloration, 60-1 _Psylliodes chrysocephala_, 54 Ptinidae, 54 Pupa, 4, 37, 40, 79-88, 114, 117 Puparium, 88 Pupipara, 91 _Pyrameis cardui_, 96 Rat-tailed maggot, 76 Reaumur, R.A.F. de, 8, 28, 33, 41 Reproductive larvae, 90; pupae, 91 Reproductive organs, 45 _Rhabdophaga heterobia_, 70 Riley, C.V., 83 Sanderson, E.D., 17 Sand-midges, 78 Sarcophaga, 91 Saw-flies, 58-9 Scale-insects, 20. _See also_ Coccidae Scarabaeidae, 52 Schmidt, E.O., 21 Scolytidae, 55 Scudder, S.H., 106 Seasonal changes, 89-104 Seasonal dimorphism, 102 Semi-pupa, 118 Sesiidae, 62 Sexual differences, 15, 20-1, 90 Sharp, D., 13, 36, 40, 115 Silk-spinning, 58, 62-3, 82 Silkworms, 82 Silpha, 50 Siltala, A.J., 63 Silvestri, F., 119 Simulium, 78, 87 Smith, J.B., 17 Sphegidae, 66-7 Sphingidae, 60 Spinneret, 58 Spiracles, 2, 23, 70, 72, 77, 86, 87 Spring-tails, 11 Stone-flies, 24, 107, 110 Sub-imago, 33, 117 Sucking insects, 17 Swammerdam, J., 33 Syrphus, 74-6 Tachininae, 73, 91 _Tenebrio molitor_, 119 Termitoxeniidae, 92 Theobald, F.V., 100 Thysanura, 11 Tiger Moths, 59, 82, 98 Timber-beetles, 54 Tineidae, 62 Tipulidae, 70 Tortoiseshell Butterfly, 45, 95 Tortricidae, 62 Tracheal system. _See_ Air-tubes, Spiracles