The Literature of the Ancient EgyptiansBudge, E. A. Wallis (Ernest Alfred Wallis), Sir
History
The Literature of the Ancient Egyptians
Budge, E. A. Wallis (Ernest Alfred Wallis), Sir
Egyptian literature -- History and criticism; Egyptian literature -- Translations into English
The man who was tired of life did not stand alone in his discontent with
the surroundings in which he lived, and with his fellow-man, for from a
board inscribed in hieratic in the British Museum (No. 5645) we find
that a priest of Heliopolis called Khakhepersenb, who was surnamed
Ānkhu, shared his discontent, and was filled with disgust at the
widespread corruption and decadence of all classes of society that were
everywhere in the land. In the introduction to this description of
society as he saw it, he says that he wishes he possessed new language
in which to express himself, and that he could find phrases that were
not trite in which to utter his experience. He says that men of one
generation are very much like those of another, and have all done and
said the same kind of things. He wishes to unburden his mind, and to
remove his moral sickness by stating what he has to say in words that
have not before been used. He then goes on to say, "I ponder on the
things that have taken place, and the events that have occurred
throughout the land. Things have happened, and they are different from
those of last year. Each year is more wearisome than the last. The whole
country is disturbed and is going to destruction. Justice (or right) is
thrust out, injustice (or sin) is in the council hall, the plans of the
gods are upset, and their behests are set aside. The country is in a
miserable state, grief is in every place, and both towns and provinces
lament. Every one is suffering through wrong-doing. All respect of
persons is banished. The lords of quiet are set in commotion. When
daylight cometh each day [every] face turneth away from the sight of
what hath happened [during the night].... I ponder on the things that
have taken place. Troubles flow in to-day, and to-morrow [tribulations]
will not cease. Though all the country is full of unrest, none will
speak about it. There is no innocent man [left], every one worketh
wickedness. Hearts are bowed in grief. He who giveth orders is like unto
the man to whom orders are given, and their hearts are well pleased. Men
wake daily [and find it so], yet they do not abate it. The things of
yesterday are like those of to-day, and in many respects both days are
alike. Men's faces are stupid, and there is none capable of
understanding, and none is driven to speak by his anger.... My pain is
keen and protracted. The poor man hath not the strength to protect
himself against the man who is stronger than he. To hold the tongue
about what one heareth is agony, but to reply to the man who doth not
understand causeth suffering. If one protesteth against what is said,
the result is hatred; for the truth is not understood, and every protest
is resented. The only words which any man will now listen to are his
own. Every one believes in his own.... Truth hath forsaken speech
altogether."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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