The Literature of the Ancient EgyptiansBudge, E. A. Wallis (Ernest Alfred Wallis), Sir
History
The Literature of the Ancient Egyptians
Budge, E. A. Wallis (Ernest Alfred Wallis), Sir
Egyptian literature -- History and criticism; Egyptian literature -- Translations into English
from the property of the gods. I have not repulsed the god in his
manifestations. I am pure. I am pure. I am pure. I am pure."
[Footnote 1: The Forty-two gods represent the forty-two nomes, or
counties, into which Egypt was divided.]
[Illustration: Her-Heru and Queen Netchemet standing in the Hall of
Osiris and praying to the God, whilst the Heart of the Queen is being
weighed in the Balance. _From a papyrus (about 1050 B.C.) in the British
Museum._]
In the second part of the Chapter the deceased repeats many of the above
declarations of his innocence, but with each declaration the name of one
of the Forty-two Judges is coupled. Thus we have:
1. "Hail, thou of the long strides, who comest forth from
Heliopolis, I have not committed sin.
2. "Hail, thou who art embraced by flame, who comest forth from
Kherāha, I have not robbed with violence.
3. "Hail, Nose, who comest forth from Hermopolis, I have not done
violence [to any man].
4. "Hail, Eater of shadows, who comest forth from the Qerti, I have
not thieved.
5. "Hail, Stinking Face, who comest forth from Rastau, I have not
slain man or woman.
9. "Hail, Crusher of bones, who comest forth from Hensu, I have not
lied."
Nothing is known of the greater number of these Forty-two gods, but it
is probable that they were local gods or spirits, each one representing
a nome, whose names were added to the declarations with the view of
making the Forty-two Judges represent all Egypt.
In the third part of the Chapter we find that the religious ideas
expressed by the deceased have a far more personal character than those
of the first and second parts. Thus, having declared his innocence of
the forty-two sins or offences, "the heart which is righteous and
sinless" says:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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