1. =General.=--SMITH, W. ROBERTSON. _The Old Testament in the Jewish Church._ 1892.--These lectures, first published in 1881, were meant to give to laymen an account of the problems and methods of criticism. They are a remarkably lucid exposition of the subject, and may still be read with profit as a general introduction to criticism. 2. =The Canon.=--RYLE, H. E. _The Canon of the Old Testament._ 1892; 2nd ed. 1895.--A history of the growth of the Old Testament rather than a history of the canon. In that growth there were, according to the author, three stages; in the first, which began with the ratification of Deuteronomy in 621 B.C., the Law (Pentateuch) was the only recognized collection of Sacred Scripture; in the second the Law and the Prophets; and in the third the Law, the Prophets, and the "Writings." The latter part of the volume, which treats of the history of the canon in the usual meaning of the term, is a convenient but not very accurate compilation. The article "Canon" (of the Old Testament) in the _Encyclopaedia Biblica_, by Karl Budde, and the article "Old Testament Canon" in Hastings' _Dictionary of the Bible_, by F. H. Woods, are concise presentations of generally accepted opinions by competent scholars. 3. =Literature of the Old Testament.=--DRIVER, S. R. _Introduction to the Literature of the Old Testament._ 6th ed., revised, 1897. A volume of the _International Theological Library_, designed primarily for ministers and students of theology. The technical matter (lists of Hebrew words and the like) is, however, set off from the body of the text, and the work can therefore be used with profit by laymen for purposes of study. The synopses of the contents of Biblical books will be found helpful. The author is a scholar of conservative temper and cautious about accepting new or radical theories. CORNILL, CARL. _Introduction to the Canonical Books of the Old Testament._ Translated by G. H. Box. New York. 1907.--Originally one of a German series of theological handbooks, this volume is on a smaller scale than Driver's and goes less into details which are of interest only to the professional student. The author's criticism is much less conservative than Driver's and more original.