The Log of the Sun: A Chronicle of Nature's YearBeebe, William
History
The Log of the Sun: A Chronicle of Nature's Year
Beebe, William
Natural history -- Outdoor books
To the best of our knowledge the Age of Man is but a paltry fifty thousand
years. Behind this the Age of Mammals may have numbered three millions;
then back of these came the Age of Reptiles with more than seven millions
of years, during all of which time the tentacles of unnumbered generations
of Bryozoans waved in the sea. Back, back farther still we add another
seven million years, or thereabouts, of the Age of the Amphibians, when
the coal plants grew, and the Age of the Fishes. And finally, beyond all
exact human calculation, but estimated at some five million, we reach the
Age of Invertebrates in the Silurian, and in the lowest of these rocks we
find beautifully preserved fossils of Bryozoans, to all appearances as
perfect in detail of structure as these which we have before us to-day in
this twentieth century of man's brief reckoning.
These tiny bits of jelly are transfigured as well by the grandeur of their
unchanged lineage as by the appearance of the little animals from within.
What heraldry can commemorate the beginning of their race over twenty
millions of years in the past!
The student of mythology will feel at home when identifying some of the
commonest objects of the pond. And most are well named, too, as for
instance the Hydra, a small tube-shaped creature with a row of active
tentacles at one end. Death seems far from this organism, which is closely
related to the sea-anemones and corals, for though a very brief drying
will serve to kill it, yet it can be sliced and cut as finely as possible
and each bit, true to its name, will at once proceed to grow a new head
and tentacles complete, becoming a perfect animal.
Then we shall often come across a queer creature with two oar-like feelers
near the head and a double tail tipped with long hairs, while in the
centre of the head is a large, shining eye,--Cyclops he is rightly called.
Although so small that we can make out little of his structure without the
aid of the lens, yet Cyclops is far from being related to the other still
smaller beings which swim about him, many of which consist of but one cell
and are popularly known as animalculae, more correctly as Protozoans.
Cyclops has a jointed body and in many other ways shows his relationship
to crabs and lobsters, even though they are many times larger and live in
salt water.
Another member of this group is Daphnia, although the appropriateness of
this name yet remains to be discovered; Daphnia being a chunky-bodied
little being, with a double-branched pair of oar-like appendages, with
which he darts swiftly through the water. Although covered with a hard
crust like a crab, this is so transparent that we can see right through
his body. The dark mass of food in the stomach and the beating heart are
perfectly distinct. Often, near the upper part of the body, several large
eggs are seen in a sort of pouch, where they are kept until hatched.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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