The logic of modern physicsBridgman, P. W. (Percy Williams)
Philosophy
The logic of modern physics
Bridgman, P. W. (Percy Williams)
Physics -- Philosophy
But now if the equations of motion of the parts of the system are not
those of mechanics, they will in general be much more complicated in
appearance and will involve higher derivatives of the time than the
second. Suppose for the moment that the equations contain only
derivatives and the mutual positions of the parts of the system. Then to
integrate the equations and determine the motion we have to know the
initial positions and the initial values of all the derivatives up to an
order one lower than the highest which occurs in the equations. The
equations of motion of an electron are even more complicated than this,
in that the positions of distant parts of the system have to be given
throughout an interval of time instead of merely an instant. It would
seem that the feeling that the present state of a system may be
determined in terms of positions and velocities does not as a matter of
fact apply to all the systems of our experience.
The discussion up to this point has been subject to the fundamental
assumption that the behavior of the system is entirely determined if we
can give the position of each part as a function of time. This
assumption is implicitly contained in Einstein's formulation of the
general principle of relativity, namely, that there is nothing more to a
physical system than a set of space-time coincidences, and that the
system is fixed in terms of the space time coördinates of all its
parts. Already in discussing the assumption of relativity we have
indicated reasons for dissatisfaction with this as a means of
reproducing all experience, because in giving only the space-time
coordinates of events we have entirely omitted the descriptive
background of the equations, which gives physical color to the system in
question. This discussion also assumes that a specification of the
positions, velocities, and higher derivatives (if necessary) of the
elements of the system is possible, which amounts essentially to the
assumption that the system contains only a finite number of elements.
Now in view of the experimental fact that there is no reason for
supposing that the structure of the universe is finite, this conclusion
must be modified, but I do not believe that the necessary modification
affects the essential argument. In view of the possible infinite
structure it would seem that we cannot expect more than that the future
is determined by the present within a certain penumbra of uncertainty,
and this penumbra may be made less important by digging down deeper into
the structure when specifying the present condition.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account