The London pleasure gardens of the eighteenth centuryWroth, Warwick William
History
The London pleasure gardens of the eighteenth century
Wroth, Warwick William
London (England) -- History -- 18th century; Parks -- England -- London -- History
Somewhat earlier (2 July, 1661), Evelyn in his _Diary_ has the
entry “I went to see the New Spring Garden at Lambeth, a pretty
contrived plantation.” This probably, if not quite certainly (for
compare the mention in Evelyn’s _Fumifugium_ noticed above),
refers to Vauxhall Gardens. Monconys, the French traveller (1663),
briefly describes “Les Jardins du Printemps” at Lambeth, but it can
hardly be made out whether he is alluding to the garden called by
Pepys the Old Spring Garden at Vauxhall or to the New Spring Garden,
_i.e._, Vauxhall Gardens (cp. Tanswell’s _Lambeth_, p. 181).
The supposed site of the Old Spring Garden at Vauxhall (or Lambeth) is
indicated in a map in Manning and Bray’s _Surrey_, iii. p. 526
(cp. Walford, vi. 340). The statement of Aubrey and Sir John Hawkins,
usually accepted by modern writers, that Sir Samuel Morland occupied in
1675 a house on the site of Vauxhall Gardens, is evidently erroneous
(cp. _Vauxhall Papers_, No. 4, p. 28).
[320] _Swift to Stella_, 17 May, 1711.
[321] _The Spectator_, 20 May, 1712, No. 383. As notices of the
Spring Garden are rare at this period, the following advertisement may
be worth quoting:--“Lost in Fox Hall, Spring Garden, on the 29th past
a little Spaniel Dog, Liver Coloured and white long Ears, a Peak down
his Forehead, a small Spot on each knee” (_The Postman_, May 3–6,
1712). The pleasant walks of the Spring Garden are referred to in 1714
in Thoresby’s _Diary_, ii. 215.
[322] _A New Guide to London_ (1726). Guildhall Library, London.
[323] Lockman in his _Sketch of the Spring Gardens_ (1753?)
praises Jonathan Tyers for having reformed the morals of the Spring
Garden when he became proprietor in 1728.
[324] Several of the Vauxhall season tickets were designed for Tyers
by Hogarth. They are engraved in Nichols’s _Lambeth_, pl. xv.
p. 100, and in Wilkinson’s _Londina lllustrata_. A good though
not complete collection of Vauxhall tickets is in the British Museum,
including the series of silver tickets brought together by Mr. Edward
Hawkins. Tyers presented Hogarth as a return for his services with a
gold ticket, inscribed _in perpetuam beneficii memoriam_, which
was a free pass to the gardens for ever. Mrs. Hogarth had it after her
husband’s death, and in 1856 it was in the possession of Mr. F. Gye who
bought it for £20 (cp. Nightingale in _The Numismatic Chronicle_,
vol. xviii (1856), p. 97). In 1737 the season tickets admitting two
persons cost one guinea; in 1742 they were twenty-five shillings; in
1748, two guineas.
[325] In honour of Frederick, Tyers constructed the “Prince’s Pavilion”
at the western end of the Gardens facing the orchestra.
[326] This description is adapted from the _Scots Magazine_ for
July 1739.
[327] The lamps about the middle of the eighteenth century were about
1,000–1,500 in number; they afterwards greatly exceeded this total.
[328] Smollett’s _Humphry Clinker_.
[329] Goldsmith’s _Citizen of the World_, Letter lxxi.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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