The London pleasure gardens of the eighteenth centuryWroth, Warwick William
History
The London pleasure gardens of the eighteenth century
Wroth, Warwick William
London (England) -- History -- 18th century; Parks -- England -- London -- History
The chief building was the Great Room situated on the south side of
Well Walk, about one hundred yards from the East Heath. It was a large
house lit with long windows, and within its walls took place concerts
and dances for the amusement of the Wells visitors up to 1733. The
first recorded entertainment was given therein 1701 (18 August), when
there was a “consort” of both vocal and instrumental music by the “best
masters.” The performance began at ten o’clock in the morning, and
dancing took place in the afternoon. The tickets for the dancing cost
sixpence, and one shilling was charged for the concert. In September of
the same year, another concert was given at eleven o’clock, at which
one Jemmy Bowen sang and two men performed on the violin. There was
dancing in the afternoon as usual. These performances were continued
every Monday during the season. “Very good music for dancing all
day long” was announced for 12 May, 1707, and on 22 July, 1710, a
girl of nine, a pupil of Mr. Tenoe, sang several operatic songs, and
this performance began at five for the “conveniency of gentlemen’s
returning.” The admission was two shillings and sixpence.
[Illustration: _A View of y^e Long Room at Hampstead from the
Heath._ | _Vue de la Chambre longue à Hampstead du Côté de
la Colline._]
In the vicinity of the Great Room, stood Sion Chapel,[188] where
couples on presenting a license and the sum of five shillings could
be married at any time. A clergyman was always in attendance, and if
the newly married would take their wedding dinner in the garden of the
tavern nothing beyond the license was required. In 1716 the chapel was
referred to as a “private and pleasure place” where many persons of
the best fashion were married. It may be suspected, however, that the
marriages were often, like those at the Fleet and Mayfair, irregular,
and that the license was occasionally dispensed with.
During the first ten or twenty years of the eighteenth century,
Hampstead Wells presented a gay and varied scene. When tired of the
music and dancing in the Great Room, the visitor could adjourn to the
bowling green, or to the raffling shops, where the cards were flying
and the dice rattling, while fine gentlemen lost their money with
“ease and negligence.” There was the promenade in Well Walk beneath
the avenue of limes, or a stroll might be taken on the breezy Heath.
Court ladies were there “all air and no dress”; city ladies all dress
and no air, and country dames with “broad brown faces like a Stepney
bun.” Citizens like Mr. Deputy Driver in the comedy[189] came down from
town, perhaps to find their ladies coquetting with a beau, or retired
to picquet with some brisk young Templar. “This Hampstead’s a charming
place,” exclaims Arabella the citizen’s wife: “To dance all night at
the Wells; be treated at Mother Huff’s,[190] have presents made one at
the raffling shops, and then take a walk in Cane Wood with a man of wit
that’s not over rude.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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