The voice of the drone is deeper and hoarser than that of the worker-bee,
by reason of his larger body; and his noisier buzzing is explained by his
greater length and breadth of wing. The queen also has a deeper, more
husky voice during flight; but she has, in addition, a peculiar cry of
her own, an old familiar sound to bee-keepers all the world over. It is
heard principally just before the swarming of the hive. Certain old
skeppists profess to be able to foretell the date on which a swarm will
issue by studying the cry of the queen. On quiet nights, just before the
swarming-season commences, it may frequently be heard above the general
murmur of the hive by bending the ear down to the entrance. It is a
shrill piping sound, repeated over and over again, and often answered by
other and fainter notes. How it is produced is not certainly known, but
probably it is caused by the wings or legs being sharply rubbed together,
much as a cricket or grasshopper utters its cry. The louder note is made
by the old queen, and there is no doubt of its import. Jealousy and the
lust of battle are on her, and she is trying to get at the young
princesses in their cells. The cry is one of baffled fury as she strives
with the guards about the cells, and the answering notes come from the
imprisoned queens who are just as eager for the fray. The old skeppists
are never far out in their reckoning. When this state of affairs has
begun, the crisis is imminent; and the morrow is sure to see the
emigrating party setting off for its new home, carrying the old queen
irresistibly with it.
It has been said that the nurse-bees, who have the entire charge and care
of the young brood, feed the larvæ from their mouths with a thick white
fluid, which is aptly called bee-milk. All the time the nurses are
engaged on this work, they are themselves hearty eaters of both honey and
pollen; so that at first sight it appears as if the bee had the power of
instantaneous digestion, feeding herself at one moment, and, at the next,
regurgitating this food, changed into a totally different substance, to
feed the young grubs. Moreover, there is another wonderful thing
regarding this bee-milk. It has been proved by careful analysis that its
composition varies considerably. The male, female, and queen-larvæ are
all fed with it, but its constitution differs, not only with each kind of
larva, but according to the age the larva has reached. The bee must
therefore have her whole system of digestion under full voluntary
control. How she manages this critical part of her work can only be
understood by the aid of a good microscope.
[Picture: The bee nursery; tending the young brood]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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