The lost Atlantis, and other ethnographic studiesWilson, Daniel, Sir
History
The lost Atlantis, and other ethnographic studies
Wilson, Daniel, Sir
America -- Antiquities; Atlantis (Legendary place); Ethnology -- America; Indians of North America -- Antiquities
localities and remote ages. The Fijians, on the extreme western verge of
the Polynesian archipelago, have already been referred to for their
skill in the finished workmanship of their implements, and of their
pottery, some of which suggest curious analogies to Peruvian types. But
it is more interesting to note the apparent reproduction of Egyptian,
Etruscan, and other antique forms in Peruvian fictile ware; and to
recognise on the latter the Vitruvian scroll, the Grecian fret and other
ancient classic and Assyrian patterns—not as evidence of common origin,
but as originating independently from the ornamentation naturally
produced in the work of the straw-plaiter and weaver. Still more curious
are their analogies to ancient Asiatic art, as disclosed in a comparison
with many of the objects recovered by Dr. Schliemann on Homeric sites.
Among the relics which rewarded his exploration of the site of the
classic Ilios, are examples of double-necked jugs, terra-cotta groups of
goblets united as single vessels, along with others terminating with
mouthpieces in the forms of human or animal heads; or modelled with such
quaint ingenuity to represent the hippopotamus, horse, pig, hedgehog,
mole, and other animals, that, were it not for the strange fauna
selected for imitation, they would seem little out of place in any
collection of Peruvian pottery.
The same exuberant sportiveness of the imitative faculty, so
characteristic of the races of the New World, reappears in productions
of the native metallurgists of Mexico and Central America. Casting,
engraving, chasing, and carving in metal, were all practised by the
Mexicans with a lavish expenditure of misspent labour. Ingenious toys,
birds and beasts with moveable wings and limbs, fish with alternate
scales of gold and silver, and personal ornaments in many fanciful
forms, were wrought by the Mexican goldsmiths with such skill that the
Spaniards acknowledged the superiority of the native workmanship over
any product of European art. The ancient graves of the Isthmus of Panama
have yielded immense numbers of gold relics of the same class, though
inferior to the finest examples described above. They include beasts,
birds, and fishes, frogs and other natural objects, wrought in gold with
much skill and ingenuity. The frog is made with sockets for the eyes, an
oval slit in front, and within each a detached ball of gold, executed
apparently in a single casting. Balls of clay are also frequently found
enclosed in detached chambers in the pottery of the Isthmus. Human
figures wrought in gold, and monstrous or grotesque hybrids, with the
head of the cayman, eagle, vulture, and other animals, attached to the
human form, are also of frequent occurrence; though in this class of
works the modelling of the human form is generally inferior to that of
other animate designs. All of those curious relics are found in graves,
which, judging from the condition of the human remains, are of great
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