The lost Atlantis, and other ethnographic studiesWilson, Daniel, Sir
History
The lost Atlantis, and other ethnographic studies
Wilson, Daniel, Sir
America -- Antiquities; Atlantis (Legendary place); Ethnology -- America; Indians of North America -- Antiquities
The visionary philosopher followed up his project so far as to transport
himself—not to the Summer Islands of which Waller had sung,—but to
that same Rhode Island which Danish and New England antiquaries were at
a later date to identify, whether rightly or not, as the Vinland of the
Icelandic Sagas. One of these ancient chroniclers had chanced to note
that, on the shortest day of the year in Vinland, they had the sun above
the horizon at _eykt_ and _dagmat_; that is at their regular evening and
morning meal. Like our own term breakfast, the names were significant
and allusive. The old Icelandic poet, Snorro Sturluson, author of the
Edda and the Sagas of the Norwegian Kings, has left on record that at
his Icelandic home eykt occurred at sunset on the first day of winter.
Professor Rafn hailed this old record as the key to the latitude of
Vinland. The Danish King, Frederick VI., sympathising in researches that
reflected back honour on their Norse ancestry, called in the aid of the
Astronomer Royal; and Professor Rafn felt authorised forthwith to
instruct the Rhode Island antiquaries that the latitude of the long-lost
Vinland was near Newport, in Narragansett Bay. Their response, with the
authenticating engravings of the world-famous Newport stone mill, and
the runes of Thorfinn on Dighton Rock, in Rafn’s learned quarto volume,
have been the source of many a later comment, both in prose and rhyme.
But all this lay in a still remote future when, in 1728, Berkeley landed
at Rhode Island with projects not unsuited to the dream of a Vinland the
Good, where a university was to be reared as a centre of culture and
regeneration for the aborigines of the New World. The indispensable
prerequisite of needful funds had been promised him by the English
Government; but the promised grant was never realised. Meanwhile he
bought a farm, the purposed site perhaps of his beneficent centre of
intellectual life for the Island state, and sojourned there for three
years in pleasant seclusion, leaving behind him kindly memories that
endeared him to many friends. He planned, if he did not realise many
goodly Utopias; speculated on space and time, and objective idealism;
and then bade farewell to Rhode Island, and to his romantic dream of
regenerated savages and a renovated world. Soon after his return home
the practical fruits of his quiet sojourn beyond the Atlantic appeared
in the form of his _Alciphron: or the Minute Philosopher_; in which, in
the form of a dialogue, he discusses the varied forms of speculative
scepticism, at the very period when Pope was embodying in his _Essay on
Man_ the brilliant, but superficial philosophy which constituted the
essence of thought for men of the world in his age. It is in antithesis
to such speculations that Berkeley there advances his own theory,
designed to show that all nature is the language of God, everywhere
giving expressive utterance to the Divine thought.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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