Russia, recent progress of events in, 8-11; friendly to peace under Alexander I, 17-19, 45; and the Greek war of independence, 77; and Turkey, 84; in the Crimean War, 86, 109; and war of 1877, 88; and Bismarck, 93; and Dual Alliance with France, 95; effect of Russo-Japanese war, 99; enters Triple _Entente_, 100; and the revolution of the Greeks, 107; nourishes Balkan hopes, 109; at the Conference of Paris, 110; war against Turkey in 1877, 112; her hopes for a “Big Bulgaria,” 114; unable to aid Serbia in 1908, 121; and the Balkan War of 1912-1913, 126-128; in Persia, 128, 174; possible future aggression of, 202; autocracy in, 219; uncertain part in the future, 236. See Alexander I. San Stefano, treaty of, 88, 113. Scharnhorst, military reforms in Prussia, 140. Serbia, in Balkan War of 1912-1913, 89; origin of, 105, 106; desire for Bosnia and Herzegovina, 108, 115; national feeling in, 109; becomes autonomous, 108; in the war of 1877, 113; growing power of, 120; and Austria’s assumption of power in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 120-122; in the Balkan War of 1912-1913, 122-127. “Self-preservation, the law of,” 212. Shuster, Morgan W., 175. South, reconstruction of not a model for Germany, 194, 196-199. Spain, revolution in, 67, 73, 76; Alexander I and, 77; revolution of its colonies, 77, 78. St. Pierre, Abbé Castel de, 27-29, 263. Stein, Baron von, 168. Submarines, and the United States, 183; if they succeed, 184; if they fail, 185-204. Suez Canal, 116. Sully, Duke of, 24. Tariffs and obstacles to perpetual peace, 207-209. Three Emperors’ League, the, 93, 142, 157. Tilsit, Treaty of, 49. Treaty of Alliance, the, 65. Treitschke, Heinrich von, his ability, 149; his ideals, 150, 177; his influence, 151; his histories, 151. Triple Alliance formed, 93, 142, 157; its influence, 95, 157; balanced by the Triple _Entente_, 101, 102; weakened by Italy, 164, 174, 201. Triple _Entente_ formed, 100; its influence, 162, 173, 174. Tripoli, 164. Troppau, conference at, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 74. Trusts compared with cartels xiii-xvi. Turkey and the Greek war of independence, 77; and Mehemet Ali, 84-86; and the Crimean War, 86; and war of 1877, 88; rule over Balkan States, 104; revolt of Greece against, 107; and Crimean war, 109-111; under British influence, 112; war of 1877, 112; and Crete, 118; and the Balkan War of 1912-1913, 122-127; position of in 1913, 128; approaching friendship with Germany, 165; and the war in Tripoli, 174. Turks, conquer Constantinople, 104; hold on the Balkans, 104. See Turkey. “Turks, the Young,” 123. Tunis, under French rule, 116, 164. Union, the American, as a model for a federation of nations, 265.