After the activity which had prevailed in Milan during the last half of the fifteenth century and the first quarter of the sixteenth century, art in Lombardy rapidly deteriorated. Before the decline had passed into decadence Pier Francesco Sacchi (fl. 1512-1527) painted at Pavia his _Four Doctors of the Church_ (No. 1488), which is signed in the cartouche PETRI FRANCISCI SACHI DE PAPIA OPUS 1516. Each of the Doctors duplicates the part of an Evangelist. On the left St. Augustine, with his book inscribed “De Civitate Dei,” is also shown as St. John with his eagle; St. Gregory, with his dove, is also St. Luke with his bull; St. Jerome, with his cardinal’s hat, is also St. Matthew with his angel; while St. Ambrose, with his scourge, is also St. Mark with his lion. The scourge held by St. Ambrose, a patron saint of Milan, alludes to his refusing the Emperor Theodosius admittance into the church at Milan in consequence of the general massacre he ordered with a view to subduing a sedition at Thessalonica in A.D. 390. Another early-sixteenth-century Pavian painter was Bartolommeo Bononi, whose only known picture is the _Madonna and Child, St. Francis, a Bishop, and a Monk_ (No. 1174). It is signed OPUS BARTOLOMEI BONONII CIVIS PAPIENSIS 1501. on the stump of the tree in the centre foreground. A striking, although mediocre, _Family of the Virgin_ (No. 1284) by Lorenzo de’ Fasoli, who is also known as Lorenzo di Pavia, and who died about 1520, illustrates the tradition that St. Anne, the mother of the Virgin Mary, was three times married, Joachim being her third husband; the other two were Cleophas and Salome. This composition of seventeen figures is signed LAURENTIVS PAPIEN FECIT MDXIII, and is one of the latest examples of this tradition, which about 1520 passed out of art. A large Triptych (No. 1384), signed JOH̄NES MAZONVS DE ALEXĀ PINXIT, is by Giovanni Massone, who worked at Alessandria in the second half of the fifteenth century; it contains the portraits of Pope Sixtus IV. with St. Francis of Assisi and Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere under the protection of St. Anthony of Padua. Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere was Bishop of Savona about 1483; he was in 1503 elected Pope under the title of Julius II., and became the patron of Raphael.