World War, 1914-1918 -- Campaigns -- Balkan Peninsula
In the meanwhile Prince Alexander, Constantine’s second son, who had
been designated as successor, had taken the oath of allegiance to the
Constitution. M. Jonnart then published a proclamation to the Greek
people, announcing the raising of the blockade, the re-establishment
of good relations between the Protecting Powers and Greece, and the
imminent restoration of national unity. After a conversation with M.
Jonnart, M. Zaïmis ordered the expulsion from Greece of a certain
number of personages implicated in Constantine’s policy, including the
ex-Premiers Gounaris, Skouloudis and Lambros, six other Ministers,
General Dousmanis and another General, Colonel Metaxas, Assistant Chief
of the Staff, and Admiral Hösslin, the head of the German propaganda
service and several others--in all 160 people. Immediately after
ascending the throne, King Alexander announced in a proclamation to
the people that “he would follow in the glorious footsteps of his
father,” which was not exactly what was desired, and the phrase had a
somewhat disconcerting effect. But he corrected this faux pas directly
after in a letter to M. Zaïmis in which he promised faithfully to
respect the Constitution and declared himself ready to co-operate with
the Protecting Powers for the pacification of public feeling and the
reconciliation of the country (June 20th).
On the 21st the delegates of M. Venizelos met those of M. Zaïmis, and
M. Venizelos himself arrived at Salamis, where he had a conversation
with M. Jonnart on board the _Justice_. It was then decided to
re-convoke the Chamber elected in 1915, in which the majority was
Venizelist and had been illegally dissolved by Constantine. King
Alexander having agreed to send for Venizelos, Zaïmis resigned (June
27th), and Venizelos re-entered Athens under the protection of French
troops who had occupied all the strategic positions in the city, and
of 400 Cretan gendarmes. The new Cabinet comprised Venizelos himself
as Premier and Minister of War, Politis, Minister for Foreign Affairs,
Repoulis (Interior), Admiral Coundouriotis (Marine), Empiricos
(Communications), etc. Jonnart had authorized Venizelos to modify
certain points of the Constitution and to suspend the permanency of
the judiciary, so as to cleanse the State of Royalist[29] officials.
The process was carried out without excessive squeamishness. Many
officials, magistrates and officers were dismissed; the trials and
convictions for political offences, and the sentences of deportation
or exile were innumerable. The population, which had attacked the
Venizelists after December 1st with the utmost ferocity, and with
the complicity or the help of the authorities had committed the most
diabolical cruelties against them, accepted the new régime without
resistance, if without enthusiasm. There was still a strong Royalist
party, comprising almost the whole of the upper class and a great part
of the officers. But its chiefs having been arrested or deported, it
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