World War, 1914-1918 -- Campaigns -- Balkan Peninsula
5. The Bulgarian demoralization. The Bulgarians had for some time been
fed up with the war. They believed that they had obtained definitely
everything to which they aspired, and they did not see why they
should continue to fight simply to please the Germans. They, like
the Serbs, were drawn by an irresistible desire towards their homes,
but the Serbs in order to do this had to fight, while the Bulgarians
saw that the only way to achieve their object was to make peace. The
Allied victories in France, although the Command tried to suppress
all news of them, ended by becoming known to the masses and produced
a depressing effect. The overbearing attitude of the Germans, who
treated Bulgaria almost as a conquered country and not as an ally,
and especially the requisitions of foodstuffs in Bulgaria to be sent
to Germany, provoked serious discontent. Then there was the question
of Dobrugia, which aroused much disaffection. The Bulgarians hoped
that, after the defeat of Roumania, the whole of that province would
have been ceded to them, instead of only the southern district, as was
provided for in the treaty of alliance with Germany. The latter did
not wish to hand over the whole province, because she intended to keep
control over the Cernavoda-Constanza railway, and also because Turkey
objected to that line being in the hands of the Bulgarians. Actually
they were granted the southern district (the part ceded to Roumania
by the peace of 1913), while the rest was administered by Turkey, an
arrangement against which the Bulgarian Government, and finally even
the Commander-in-Chief, General Gekoff, protested vigorously, putting
the blame on the German General Staff. There was discontent also over
the question of Adrianople. Signs of demoralization appeared in the
numerous mutinies and the ever more frequent desertions. The fact of
having forcibly applied conscription to the inhabitants of the occupied
territories, although it helped to strengthen the Army with fresh
effectives, weakened it in its moral unity, because the inhabitants of
the province of Nish were true Serbs and hated the Bulgarians, and
those of Macedonia, if they had more sympathy for the Bulgarians than
for the Serbs, did not wish to fight for either. The Allied Commands
were fairly well informed of this state of feeling, and appreciated it
at its proper value. The pro-German Radoslavoff Cabinet had resigned
in June, and the Malinoff Cabinet, by which it had been succeeded, was
disposed to seek to come to some agreement with the Entente.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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