A gentleman living about twenty-eight years in these Countries, writes
to his Friend, that he saw those Animals out of which comes the
Bezoar, and saith, they are very like _Goats_, only they have no
Horns; and are so swift, that they are forc’d to shoot them with guns.
He tells us, that he and some Friends, on the 10th of _June_ 1568,
hunted some of these Creatures, and in five Days kill’d many of them;
and that in one of the oldest of them, they made diligent Search for
the stone, but found it not, neither in the Ventricle, nor in any
other Part of the Animal. They ask’d the Indians that attended upon
them, where the Stones lay; they denied they knew anything of them,
being very envious and unwilling to disclose such a Secret. At length
(he saith) a Boy about twelve years old perceiving us to be very
inquisitive, and to be very desirous of Satisfaction in that
Particular, shew’d us a certain Receptacle and (as it were) a _Purse_,
into which they receive their eaten herbs, which afterwards when
churned, they convey into the Ventricle.[430]
The same circumstances were observed by this informant in regard to the
Peruvian bezoars, and from the “pouch” of one of these animals were
taken no less than nine stones, “which, by the help of nature, seemed to
be made of the Juice of those salutiferous Herbs, which were crammed up
into this little Pouch.”[431]
While the Occidental bezoar from South America enjoyed a special repute
in Europe in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, when bezoars were
so freely used as poison-antidotes, and for the cure of fevers and other
diseases, it has been doubted whether the aborigines of South America
ever valued them in any way before the time of the Spanish Conquest.
What seems, however, to be a proof that they sometimes did so, is
afforded by the discovery of a bezoar, probably taken from the body of a
llama, in a tomb at Cojitambo, in the Cañari region of Ecuador. In spite
of the contrary opinion expressed by Garcilasso de la Vega, there is
reason to believe that such animal concretions were used by these
Indians in magic practices. The Quichua name is _illa_, and Holquin in
his Quichua dictionary says that the natives believed that bezoars were
luck-bringing stones. Another name, _quicu_, is vouched for by Arriaga,
who states that the Spaniards found some bezoars stained with the blood
of sacrificial victims, thus showing that they were thought to possess a
certain religious or mystic significance. Another author, Don Vasco de
Contreros y Vievedo, writing in 1650, states that the most highly valued
of these concretions among the natives of South America were those taken
from the American tapir, which they called _danta_.[432]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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